■三七,中国的一种药草,在培养过程中被几种病原体攻击。Dazomet(DZ)是一种土壤熏蒸剂,可有效控制土壤传播的病原体,但其对三七生长和土壤性质的长期影响尚不清楚。
■我们连续两年进行了田间试验,以评估三种浓度的DZ熏蒸(35kg/666.7m2,40kg/666.7m2和45kg/666.7m2)对土壤理化性质的影响,微生物多样性,和三七的生长。进行了微生物群落变化与土壤特性之间的相关性分析,并对土壤微生物进行了功能预测。
■DZ熏蒸增加了总氮,总磷,总钾,有效磷,有效钾,和土壤中的氨氮水平。DZ熏蒸促进三七养分积累和农艺性状的改善,产量提高2.83-3.81倍,最高的总皂苷含量增加了24.06%。40kg/666.7m2处理对三七生长和皂苷积累影响最大。DZ熏蒸后,镰刀菌等病原真菌的相对丰度下降,Plectosphaerella,和Ilyonectria,而有益菌如Ramlibacter,伯克霍尔德利亚,和红藻增加。熏蒸对土壤微生物和土壤理化性质的影响持续了18个月。DZ熏蒸提高了参与次生代谢产物和丛枝菌根真菌生物合成的细菌的相对丰度,降低了动植物病原真菌的相对丰度,减少了土传疾病的发生。
■总而言之,DZ熏蒸增强土壤理化性质,增加了土壤中有益细菌的比例,重新平衡土壤微生物种群,从而改善三七的生长环境,促进其生长,产量,和质量。本研究为DZ熏蒸作为解决三七等多年生药用植物连作问题的潜在解决方案提供了理论基础。
UNASSIGNED: Panax notoginseng, a medicinal herb in China, is attacked by several pathogens during its cultivation. Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that is effective in controlling soil-borne pathogens, but its long-term effects on P. notoginseng growth and soil properties are unknown.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted field experiments over two consecutive years to assess the impact of three concentrations of DZ fumigation (35 kg/666.7 m2, 40 kg/666.7 m2, and 45 kg/666.7 m2) on soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, and P. notoginseng growth. Correlation analyses were performed between microbial community changes and soil properties, and functional predictions for soil microorganisms were conducted.
UNASSIGNED: DZ fumigation increased total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, available potassium, and ammonia nitrogen levels in the soil. DZ fumigation promoted the nutrient accumulation and improvement of agronomic traits of P. notoginseng, resulted in a 2.83-3.81X yield increase, with the highest total saponin content increasing by 24.06%. And the 40 kg/666.7 m2 treatment had the most favorable impact on P. notoginseng growth and saponin accumulation. After DZ fumigation, there was a decrease in the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium, Plectosphaerella, and Ilyonectria, while beneficial bacteria such as Ramlibacter, Burkholderia, and Rhodanobacteria increased. The effects of fumigation on soil microorganisms and soil physicochemical properties persisted for 18 months post-fumigation. DZ fumigation enhanced the relative abundance of bacteria involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, reduced the relative abundance of plant-animal pathogenic fungi, reduced the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, DZ fumigation enhanced soil physicochemical properties, increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria in the soil, and rebalanced soil microorganism populations, consequently improving the growth environment of P. notoginseng and enhancing its growth, yield, and quality. This study offers a theoretical foundation for DZ fumigation as a potential solution to the continuous cropping issue in perennial medicinal plants such as P. notoginseng.