背景:普通感冒是全球最常见的疾病之一。这项研究的目的是确定药剂师最常推荐的OTC抗普通感冒药,以及COVID-19大流行是否影响了这些建议。
方法:非介入,观察性研究试验使用自编问卷收集药剂师建议抗普通感冒OTC治疗的数据.这些数据是在COVID-19大流行期间(2021年12月至2022年2月)在罗兹(波兰)的四家大型社区网络药房收集的,然后与大流行前的模拟时间段(2019年12月至2020年2月)进行比较。
结果:在COVID-19大流行期间,对乙酰氨基酚显著减少(p<0.05),乙酰水杨酸,安乃近镁,肌苷,α模拟物,粘液溶解剂,顺势疗法,和喉咙痛产品,并增加其他片剂/胶囊和附加产品的建议。对乙酰氨基酚的推荐频率之间存在显着关系(p<0.05,OR>1),肌苷,喉咙痛产品(每种症状),安乃近镁(头痛,发烧),乙酰水杨酸(头痛,发烧,疲劳),NSAIDs,α模拟物(头痛,鼻漏),伪麻黄碱(鼻漏),顺势疗法(头痛),草药产品(疲劳),抗组胺药(鼻漏,咳嗽),和粘液溶解剂(头痛,发烧,咳嗽)。
结论:有利的价格(在COVID-19大流行之前)和关于常见NSAIDs副作用的报道(大流行开始)导致扑热息痛的高销量。对某些药物的临床有效性的认识提高或其可用性降低影响了他们有限的建议。
BACKGROUND: The common cold is one of the most frequently occurring illnesses worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine which OTC anti-common cold medications were most often recommended by pharmacists and if the COVID-19 pandemic affected such recommendations.
METHODS: Non-interventional, observational research trial using a self-developed questionnaire to collect data on pharmacists\' recommendations for anti-common cold OTC treatment. The data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic (December 2021-February 2022) in four large community network pharmacies in Lodz (Poland) and then compared with an analogue period of time before the pandemic (December 2019-February 2020).
RESULTS: During COVID-19 pandemic there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, metamizole magnesium, inosines, alpha-mimetics, mucolytics, homeopathics, and sore throat products and an increase in other tablets/capsules and add-on product recommendations. There was a significant relationship (p < 0.05, OR > 1) between the recommended frequency of paracetamol, inosines, sore throat products (each symptom), metamizole magnesium (headache, fever), acetylsalicylic acid (headache, fever, fatigue), NSAIDs, alpha-mimetics (headache,
rhinorrhea), pseudoephedrine (
rhinorrhea), homeopathics (headache), herbal products (fatigue), antihistamines (
rhinorrhea, cough), and mucolytics (headache, fever, cough).
CONCLUSIONS: Favorable prices (before COVID-19 pandemic) and reports on common NSAIDs side effects (beginning of the pandemic) led to high sale of paracetamol. Increased awareness of clinical effectiveness of some medications or their reduced availability influenced their limited recommendations.