植物信号分子可分为植物信使信号分子(如钙离子、过氧化氢,一氧化氮)和植物激素信号分子(如生长素(主要是吲哚-3-乙酸或IAA),水杨酸,脱落酸,细胞分裂素,茉莉酸或茉莉酸甲酯,赤霉素,油菜素类固醇,stragolactone,和乙烯),它们在调节植物生长发育中起着至关重要的作用,对环境的反应。由于植物信号分子在植物中的重要作用,许多方法被开发来检测它们。植物信号分子的原位和实时检测以及可野外部署的传感器的开发将是植物学研究和农业技术的关键突破。电化学方法由于操作简便,为植物体内植物信号分子的原位和实时检测提供了方便的方法,高灵敏度,和高选择性。本文综合评述了近十年来报道的电化学检测植物信号分子的研究,总结了各类电极的电化学传感器以及多种纳米材料在提高电极检测选择性和灵敏度方面的应用。本文还举例说明了目前电化学检测的研究趋势,并强调了电化学传感器的适用性和创新性,如小型化,非侵入性,长期稳定,一体化,自动化,和未来的智慧。总之,电化学传感器可以实现原位,实时智能获取植物中植物信号分子的动态变化,对促进植物学基础研究和智慧农业的发展具有重要意义。
Plant signaling molecules can be divided into plant messenger signaling molecules (such as calcium ions, hydrogen peroxide, Nitric oxide) and plant hormone signaling molecules (such as auxin (mainly indole-3-acetic acid or IAA), salicylic acid, abscisic acid, cytokinin, jasmonic acid or methyl jasmonate, gibberellins, brassinosteroids, strigolactone, and ethylene), which play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development, and response to the environment. Due to the important roles of the plant signaling molecules in the plants, many methods were developed to detect them. The development of in-situ and real-time detection of plant signaling molecules and field-deployable sensors will be a key breakthrough for botanical research and agricultural technology. Electrochemical methods provide convenient methods for in-situ and real-time detection of plant signaling molecules in plants because of their easy operation, high sensitivity, and high selectivity. This article comprehensively reviews the research on electrochemical detection of plant signaling molecules reported in the past decade, which summarizes the various types electrodes of electrochemical sensors and the applications of multiple nanomaterials to enhance electrode detection selectivity and sensitivity. This review also provides examples to introduce the current research trends in electrochemical detection, and highlights the applicability and innovation of electrochemical sensors such as miniaturization, non-invasive, long-term stability, integration, automation, and intelligence in the future. In all, the electrochemical sensors can realize in-situ, real-time and intelligent acquisition of dynamic changes in plant signaling molecules in plants, which is of great significance for promoting basic research in botany and the development of intelligent agriculture.