背景:长期禁食(ONF)是控制体重的潜在策略。虽然有希望,大量基于人群的研究的证据是有限的.
目的:在美国癌症协会的癌症预防研究-3(CPS-3)前瞻性队列中,研究自我报告的ONF持续时间与3年和6年体重变化的相关性。
方法:美国成年CPS-3参与者在2015年完成了24小时验证的膳食和零食时间和频率网格(工作日和周末),从中计算加权ONF小时数。参与者报告了2015年、2018年和2021年的体重。三年和六年体重变化(公斤,和%体重)进行评估。
结果:在104,420名女性(78.5%)参与者中,年龄为52.7+/-9.5(SD)年,随访6年。在3年和6年期间,ONF长度增加1小时与体重增加小幅但有统计学意义的减少相关(多变量校正后的%体重差异=-0.02,95%CI-0.05-0.00,p=0.03和-0.04,95%CI,-0.07~-0.01,p=0.007).超重(-0.05,95%CI,-0.10至0.00,p=0.05)和肥胖(-0.06,95%CI,-0.12至0.01,p=0.08)的个体与健康BMI(-0.03,95%CI-0.07至0.01,p=0.13)或体重不足(0.16,95%CI,-0.04至0.36,p=0.13)相比,体重增加的平均差异略大。在≤55y比56+的人群中观察到更强的关联(pinteraction=0.01),和那些有较高的腰围(pinteraction<0.0001),但不按性别或早/晚禁食期。
结论:在超过6年的成年男性和女性中,较长的ONF与体重略低有关,在超重或肥胖的人群中,较高的腰围,和那些≤55岁。重量变化的幅度,尽管在假设的方向上,这表明,随着时间的推移,ONF可能会对体重控制产生适度的影响。
BACKGROUND: Longer overnight fasting (ONF) is a potential strategy for weight control. Although promising, the evidence from large population-based studies is limited.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of self-reported ONF duration with 3- and 6-y weight change in the American Cancer Society\'s Cancer Prevention Study-3 prospective cohort.
METHODS: United States adult Cancer Prevention Study-3 participants completed a 24-h validated meal and snack timing and frequency grid (weekday and weekend) in 2015, from which weighted ONF hours were calculated. Participants reported body weight in 2015, 2018, and 2021. Three- and 6-y weight change (kg, and % body weight) were assessed.
RESULTS: Among 104,420 mostly female (78.5%) participants aged 52.7 ± 9.5 (standard deviation) y followed for 6 y, a 1-h increase in ONF length was associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in weight gain over 3- and 6-y periods [multivariable-adjusted mean difference in % body weight = -0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.05, -0.00, P = 0.03 and -0.04, 95% CI: -0.07, -0.01, P = 0.007, respectively]. The mean difference of 6-y % reduction in weight gain was slightly greater among individuals with overweight (-0.05, 95% CI: -0.10, 0.00, P = 0.05) and obesity (-0.06, 95% CI: -0.12, 0.01, P = 0.08) compared with those with healthy body mass index (-0.03, 95% CI:-0.07, 0.01, P = 0.13) or underweight (0.16, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.36, P = 0.13, Pinteraction < 0.0001). Stronger associations were observed among those ≤55 y than 56+ (Pinteraction = 0.01), and those with higher waist circumference (Pinteraction < 0.0001) but not by sex or earlier/later fasting period.
CONCLUSIONS: Longer ONF was associated with slightly lower body weight in adult males and females over 6 y that was stronger among those with overweight or obesity, higher waist circumference, and those aged ≤55 y. The magnitude of weight change, although in the hypothesized direction, suggests that prolonged ONF may have modest impact on weight control over time.