每年,1.72亿次跌倒事件导致老年人暂时或永久性损害,这个数字正在增加。增加跌倒风险的因素包括年龄,多药,和营养不良。这项研究评估了主要包括在EU(7)-PIM(潜在不适当的药物)列表中的药物。从2022年3月21日至2022年7月6日,有945名患者跌倒并参观了匈牙利塞格德大学阿尔伯特·桑特-杰格吉健康中心的急诊医学系。收集来自886名患者的数据(研究组)。对照组包括从匈牙利的三个普通诊所收集的1364名患者数据。发现使用≥2种EU(7)-PIM药物与跌倒风险增加有关(调整后的优势比[AOR],1.38;95%置信区间[CI]1.01-1.88)。吡拉西坦(AOR,1.81;95%CI,1.28-2.57)和曲美他嗪(AOR,1.62;95%CI,1.17-2.24)与跌倒风险增加相关。多沙唑嗪与跌倒风险低相关(AOR,0.59;95%CI,0.41-0.86)。Tiapride(AOR,3.54;95%CI,1.75-7.17),格列齐特(AOR,1.57;95%CI,1.02-2.43),和长春西汀(AOR,1.95;95%CI,1.29-2.95)不包括在EU(7)-PIM列表中;然而,它们与跌倒风险增加有关。长效苯二氮卓类药物(AOR,1.79;95%CI,1.20-2.68),抗抑郁药(AOR,1.89;95%95%CI,1.37-2.61),5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(AOR,2.82;95%CI,1.41-5.67;p<0.01),和选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(AOR,1.88;95%CI,1.24-2.85)也与跌倒风险增加相关。然而,Z-药物与低跌倒风险相关(AOR,0.57;95%CI,0.36-0.92)。在这个工具的帮助下,曲美他嗪和吡拉西坦作为与跌倒风险增加相关的EU(7)-PIM药物过滤。
Annually, 172 million fall events cause temporary or permanent impairment in older adults, and this number is increasing. Contributing factors that increase the risk for falls include age, polypharmacy, and malnutrition. This study evaluated medications mainly included in the EU(7)-PIM (potentially inappropriate medication) list. From March 21, 2022, to July 6, 2022, 945 patients who experienced a fall and visited the Department of Emergency Medicine at the Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre of the University of Szeged in Hungary. Data from 886 patients were collected (study group). The control group included 1364 patient data collected from three general practice in Hungary. The use of ≥ 2 EU(7)-PIM drugs was found to be associated with increased risk for falls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.88). Piracetam (AOR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.28-2.57) and trimetazidine (AOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.17-2.24) were associated with increased risk for falls. Doxazosin was associated with a low risk for falls (AOR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41-0.86). Tiapride (AOR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.75-7.17), gliclazide (AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02-2.43), and vinpocetine (AOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.29-2.95) are not included in the EU(7)-PIM list; however, they are associated with increased risk for falls. Long-acting benzodiazepines (AOR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.20-2.68), antidepressants (AOR, 1.89; 95% 95% CI, 1.37-2.61), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (AOR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.41-5.67; p < 0.01), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (AOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.24-2.85) were also associated with increased risk for falls. However, Z-drugs were associated with a low risk for falls (AOR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36-0.92). With the help of this tool, trimetazidine and piracetam are filtered as EU(7)-PIM drugs associated with increased risk for falls.