目的:一些研究将日常生活的常规性概念化为认知脆弱性的指标,这将导致老年人的幸福感降低。而其他研究则期望常规会在生活中带来更多的意义和稳定性,从而带来更高的幸福感。需要进一步的研究来了解老年人与认知能力和幸福感的关系。这项研究考察了社会交往的例行公事。
方法:我们对103名瑞士社区居住的老年人(65至84岁)进行了事件偶然性经验抽样研究。参与者完成了实验室认知评估(推理,情景记忆,速度,词汇)并报告他们的幸福感(积极影响,负面影响,生活满意度)。超过21天,参与者报告了他们社交互动的时间和背景(包括模态,合作伙伴类型,和位置)。社交互动的常规性被定义为在研究期间在一天的同一时间发生的社交互动。使用复发定量分析进行计算。
结果:线性回归表明,一般社会互动的日常性更高,通过相同的方式进行社会互动,与相同伴侣类型的社交互动与更高的积极影响相关。一般来说,社会交往的常规性较高与负面影响较低有关。社交互动的日常性与生活满意度或认知能力无关。
结论:常规的社交生活可能会增加老年人的情感幸福感。在老年人的活动参与和时间使用的背景下讨论结果。
OBJECTIVE: Some research conceptualizes routineness of daily life as an indicator of cognitive vulnerability that would lead to lower well-being in older age, whereas other research expects routineness to give rise to more meaning and stability in life and thus to higher well-being. Further research is needed to understand routineness in older adults in relation to cognitive abilities and well-being. This study examined routineness of social interactions.
METHODS: We examined data from an event-contingent experience sampling study with 103 Swiss community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 to 84 years). Participants completed in-lab cognitive assessments (reasoning, episodic memory, speed, and vocabulary) and reported their well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction). For more than 21 days, participants reported the time and context of their social interactions (including modality, partner type, and location). Routineness of social interactions was defined as social interactions that occurred at the same time of day over the study period. It was calculated using recurrence quantification analysis.
RESULTS: Linear regressions showed that higher routineness of social interaction in general, of social interaction through the same modality, and of social interaction with the same partner type were associated with higher positive affect. Higher routineness of social interaction in general was associated with lower negative affect. Routineness of social interactions was not associated with life satisfaction or cognitive abilities.
CONCLUSIONS: A routine social life may increase older adults\' affective well-being. Results are discussed in the context of activity engagement and time use in older age.