Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between different levels of cognitively stimulating leisure activity (CSLA) participation and different levels of positive and negative affect among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
METHODS: Using a repeated-measured multivariate analysis of covariance (RM-MANCOVA), this study analyzed the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data from 2012 to 2020 (N = 5932).
RESULTS: The results presented the following. (a) The high CSLA group showed higher positive affect and lower negative affect than the mid and low groups. Also, the mid-CSLA group presented higher positive affect and lower negative affect than the low CSLA group. (b) Both positive and negative affect showed significant differences between years and indicated a continuously declining slope year by year without exceptions. (c) The high CSLA group not only presented higher positive affect and lower negative affect during the period but also solely showed a rebounding feature in the declining slope on both emotions.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide valuable support for the design and implementation of CSLA participation programs and clinical guidelines for older adults with MCI. The results highlight the importance of determining the optimal level of CSLA engagement that is required to promote emotional health and cognitive function in this population. Healthcare professionals and clinical practitioners can leverage the insights gained from this study to develop and deliver effective CSLA interventions tailored to the specific needs and capacities of older adults with MCI.
METHODS: Using a repeated-measured multivariate analysis of covariance (RM-MANCOVA), this study analyzed the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data from 2012 to 2020 (N = 5932).
RESULTS: The results presented the following. (a) The high CSLA group showed higher positive affect and lower negative affect than the mid and low groups. Also, the mid-CSLA group presented higher positive affect and lower negative affect than the low CSLA group. (b) Both positive and negative affect showed significant differences between years and indicated a continuously declining slope year by year without exceptions. (c) The high CSLA group not only presented higher positive affect and lower negative affect during the period but also solely showed a rebounding feature in the declining slope on both emotions.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide valuable support for the design and implementation of CSLA participation programs and clinical guidelines for older adults with MCI. The results highlight the importance of determining the optimal level of CSLA engagement that is required to promote emotional health and cognitive function in this population. Healthcare professionals and clinical practitioners can leverage the insights gained from this study to develop and deliver effective CSLA interventions tailored to the specific needs and capacities of older adults with MCI.
摘要：
背景：这项研究的目的是调查不同水平的认知刺激休闲活动（CSLA）参与与轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人不同水平的积极和消极影响之间的纵向关系。
方法：使用重复测量的多变量协方差分析（RM-MANCOVA），这项研究分析了2012年至2020年的健康与退休研究（HRS）数据（N=5932）。
结果：结果如下。(a)与中、低组相比,高CSLA组显示出更高的积极影响和更低的消极影响。此外，与低CSLA组相比,中CSLA组呈现更高的积极影响和更低的消极影响.（b）正面和负面影响均显示出年份之间的显着差异，并表明斜率逐年下降，没有例外。（c）在此期间，高CSLA组不仅表现出较高的积极影响和较低的消极影响，而且在两种情绪的下降斜率方面仅表现出反弹特征。
结论：本研究结果为MCI老年人CSLA参与计划和临床指南的设计和实施提供了有价值的支持。结果强调了确定促进该人群情绪健康和认知功能所需的最佳CSLA参与水平的重要性。医疗保健专业人员和临床从业人员可以利用从这项研究中获得的见解来开发和提供针对MCI老年人的特定需求和能力的有效CSLA干预措施。
方法：使用重复测量的多变量协方差分析（RM-MANCOVA），这项研究分析了2012年至2020年的健康与退休研究（HRS）数据（N=5932）。
结果：结果如下。(a)与中、低组相比,高CSLA组显示出更高的积极影响和更低的消极影响。此外，与低CSLA组相比,中CSLA组呈现更高的积极影响和更低的消极影响.（b）正面和负面影响均显示出年份之间的显着差异，并表明斜率逐年下降，没有例外。（c）在此期间，高CSLA组不仅表现出较高的积极影响和较低的消极影响，而且在两种情绪的下降斜率方面仅表现出反弹特征。
结论：本研究结果为MCI老年人CSLA参与计划和临床指南的设计和实施提供了有价值的支持。结果强调了确定促进该人群情绪健康和认知功能所需的最佳CSLA参与水平的重要性。医疗保健专业人员和临床从业人员可以利用从这项研究中获得的见解来开发和提供针对MCI老年人的特定需求和能力的有效CSLA干预措施。
