近年来,由于出现了对这些抗生素具有抗性的菌株,因此水生系统中抗生素的存在已成为全球环境和公共卫生关注的问题。土霉素(OXT)是一种高影响的抗生素,用于人类和兽医消费,它是智利水产养殖中第二常用的抗生素。根据上述情况,这个问题是使用一种线性聚合物,其结构由芳环和季铵基团组成,这将有助于增强这种抗生素的去除能力。为了获得聚阳离子,使用(4-乙烯基苄基)-三甲基氯化铵作为单体进行自由基聚合合成。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振(NMR)表征聚阳离子。去除研究是在不同的实验条件下进行的,例如pH值(3.0、5.0、7.0、8.0和11.0)。离子强度(NaCl的0.0-0.50mgL-1),聚合物剂量(0.25-25.5毫克),抗生素浓度的变化(1-100mgL-1),以及最大保留能力的评估,以及负载和放电研究。抗生素滞留去除率高于80.0%。抗生素的去除性能受pH的影响很大,离子强度,摩尔比,和/或OXT浓度,因为这些参数直接影响聚合物和抗生素之间的静电相互作用。渗滤技术被证明是高效的去除OXT,最大去除能力为1273、966和778mgOXTg-1聚阳离子。总之,可以说,将水溶性聚合物与渗滤技术偶联是解决水生系统中抗生素问题的一种优异的低成本方法。
The presence of antibiotics in aquatic systems in recent years has become a global environmental and public health concern due to the appearance of strains resistant to these antibiotics. Oxytetracycline (OXT) is a high-impact antibiotic used for both human and veterinary consumption, and it is the second most used antibiotic in aquaculture in Chile. Based on the above, this problem is addressed using a linear polymer whose structure is composed of aromatic rings and quaternary ammonium groups, which will help enhance the removal capacity of this antibiotic. To obtain the
polycation, a radical polymerization synthesis was carried out using (4-vinylbenzyl)-trimethylammonium chloride as the monomer. The
polycation was characterized via Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The removal studies were conducted under different experimental conditions such as pH levels (3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 11.0), ionic strength (0.0-0.50 mg L-1 of NaCl), polymer dose (0.25-25.5 mg), variation of the antibiotic concentration (1-100 mg L-1), and evaluation of the maximum retention capacity, as well as load and discharge studies. The antibiotic retention removal was higher than 80.0%. The antibiotic removal performance is greatly affected by the effect of pH, ionic strength, molar ratio, and/or OXT concentration, as these parameters directly affect the electrostatic interactions between the polymer and the antibiotics. The diafiltration technique was shown to be highly efficient for the removal of OXT, with maximum removal capacities of 1273, 966, and 778 mg OXT g-1
polycation. In conclusion, it can be said that coupling water-soluble polymers to the diafiltration technique is an excellent low-cost way to address the problem of antibiotics in aquatic systems.