背景:厚朴,一种在临床实践中广泛使用的传统草药,发挥抗菌作用,抗肿瘤,抗炎,抗氧化剂,和抗衰老活动。新木脂素是巴草的主要活性成分,具有广泛的药理作用,包括抗阿尔茨海默病(AD)活性。
目的:总结已发表的有关新生木脂素对AD的体内和体外治疗作用及其机制的数据。
方法:PubMed,WebofScience,谷歌学者,和Scopus进行了系统审查(截至2024年3月1日),用于临床前研究。
结果:M.铁皮草衍生的新木脂素(和厚朴酚,厚朴酚,4-O-甲基和厚朴酚,和obovatol)缓解行为异常,包括学习和认知障碍,在AD动物模型中。机械上,Neolignans抑制Aβ的产生或聚集,神经炎症,和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性;促进小胶质细胞吞噬和抗氧化应激;减轻线粒体功能障碍和能量代谢,以及抗胆碱能缺乏症;和调节肠道菌群。此外,Neolignans可能通过调节不同的分子途径来实现神经保护,包括NF-κB,ERK,AMPK/mTOR/ULK1和cAMP/PKA/CREB通路。
结论:Neolignans通过多种机制和途径发挥抗AD作用。然而,确切的目标,药代动力学,安全,AD患者的临床疗效需要在多中心临床病例对照研究中进一步研究。
BACKGROUND: Magnolia officinalis, a traditional herbal medicine widely used in clinical practice, exerts antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging activities. Neolignans are the main active ingredients of M. officinalis and exert a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) activity.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the published data on the therapeutic effect and mechanism of neolignans on AD in vivo and in vitro.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were systematically reviewed (up to March 1, 2024) for pre-clinical studies.
RESULTS: M. officinalis-derived neolignans (honokiol, magnolol, 4-O-methylhonokiol, and obovatol) alleviated behavioral abnormalities, including learning and cognitive impairments, in AD animal models. Mechanistically, neolignans inhibited Aβ generation or aggregation, neuroinflammation, and acetylcholinesterase activity; promoted microglial phagocytosis and anti-oxidative stress; alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism, as well as anti-cholinergic deficiency; and regulated intestinal flora. Furthermore, neolignans may achieve neuroprotection by regulating different molecular pathways, including the NF-κB, ERK, AMPK/mTOR/ULK1, and cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: Neolignans exert anti-AD effects through multiple mechanisms and pathways. However, the exact targets, pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical efficacy in patients with AD need further investigation in multi-center clinical case-control studies.