这篇文献综述旨在探讨宗教信仰,信仰,以及自闭症青少年的相关信念。宗教一词与各种相关概念互换使用,如信仰,灵性,和宗教信仰,和更广泛的,包含认知的多方面方法,主观,社会,文化,在这个人口亚组中分析了宗教的情感领域。与神经多样性范式一致,这篇综述努力对自闭症谱系疾病采用包容性的镜头,欣赏认知和行为差异的频谱,并强调认识到优势和挑战的重要性,反映了围绕神经多样性和自闭症谱系疾病的细微差别的话语。然而,“高功能自闭症”和“障碍”等术语用于必要的地方,以反映评论中包含的期刊。通过访问APAPsycInfo等学术搜索引擎进行了系统的搜索,APAPsycarticles,APA心理测验,和PubMed。使用严格的纳入和排除标准,仅纳入以英语撰写并对人类受试者进行的同行评审文章。在对相关性和质量进行审查后选出的13篇文章中,确定了几个反复出现的主题。最重要的发现是在探索自闭症的宗教信仰时,不同术语和特征的关联。“确定了39个关键主题,分为六个主要主题。这些是宗教信仰,灵性,及其在自闭症青少年中的表达;自闭症青少年的宗教行为和做法;自闭症青少年的认知和宗教;社会和文化对自闭症青少年宗教信仰的影响;父母和照顾者的影响,观点,关于自闭症青少年的信仰和灵性的经验;以及信仰对自闭症青少年的益处:父母和青少年观点。从整个宗教和灵性的概念来看,从这篇综述中包含的现有研究可以推断,宗教信仰(认知能力,行为,和经验)与神经典型的青少年相比,自闭症青少年(高功能自闭症)的一部分可能不会显着减弱。然而,对于自闭症青少年来说,没有足够的研究得出相同或相反的结论。当被发现时,保留的宗教信仰可以归因于太多的因素,心智能力或心智能力下降,同理心,或想象力似乎不是宗教的唯一或主要预测因素或贡献者。文化的作用,父母,看护者,和宗教信仰是重要的,并且可能比其他先前争论的预测因素(如心理化)更有助于宗教信仰及其表达。许多自闭症青少年和他们的照顾者将宗教信仰和灵性视为他们和他们孩子生活中必不可少的领域,希望他们的孩子有机会成为宗教团体和派别的一部分,期待政府,宗教,和医疗当局在这一领域积极支持他们。调查结果呼吁决策者,宗教领袖,和利益攸关方制定包容和支持自闭症青少年的战略。宗教作为这些儿童及其家庭的资源和应对策略的可能作用值得探索。
This literature review aims to explore religiosity, faith, and related beliefs in autistic adolescents. The term religiosity was used interchangeably with various related concepts such as faith, spirituality, and religious beliefs, and a broader, multifaceted approach encompassing the cognitive, subjective, social, cultural, and emotional domains of religiosity is analyzed in this population subgroup. In alignment with the neurodiversity paradigm, this review endeavors to adopt an inclusive lens toward autism spectrum conditions, appreciating the spectrum of cognitive and behavioral differences and highlighting the importance of recognizing strengths and challenges alike, reflecting the nuanced discourse surrounding neurodiversity and autism spectrum conditions. However, terms such as \"high-functioning autism\" and \"disorder\" were used where needed to reflect the journals included in the review. A systematic search was conducted by accessing academic search engines such as APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycTests, and PubMed. Only peer-reviewed articles written in English and performed on human subjects were included using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Several recurring themes were identified from the 13 articles selected after review for relevance and quality. The most important finding was the association of different terminologies and features while exploring \"religiosity in autism.\" Thirty-nine key themes were identified, which were grouped into six major themes. These were religious faith, spirituality, and its expression in autistic adolescents; religious behaviors and practices of autistic adolescents; cognition and religion in autistic teens; social and cultural influences on religiosity in autistic young ones; parents\' and carers\' influence, perspectives, and experiences about faith and spirituality on autistic adolescents; and perceived benefits of faith to autistic teens: parents and adolescent perspectives. Looking at the concept of religiosity and spirituality as a whole, it can be inferred from the available research included in this review that religiosity (cognitive abilities, behaviors, and experiences) in a subset of autistic adolescents (high-functioning autism) might not be significantly subdued as compared to neurotypical adolescents. However, there is not enough research to conclude the same or the opposite for autistic adolescents in general. When found, reserved religiosity could be attributed to a plethora of factors, and decreased mental ability or mentalization, empathy, or imagination did not seem to be the sole or primary predictors or contributors to religiosity. The role of culture, parents, carers, and religious affiliations was significant and might be a stronger contributor to religiosity and its expression than other previously argued predictors like mentalization. Many autistic teens and their carers regard religiosity and spirituality as essential domains in their and their children\'s lives, want their children to be given opportunities to be a part of religious groups and affiliations, and look forward to government, religious, and healthcare authorities actively supporting them in this domain. The findings call for policymakers, religious leaders, and stakeholders to devise strategies for inclusion and support for autistic adolescents. The possible role of religion as a resource and coping strategy for these children and their families is worth exploring.