■视觉感知已被定义为足球运动员决策过程的第一步,它在运动中的表现中起着重要作用。专注于优先考虑相关线索的技能在运动中也被认为是至关重要的。这项初步研究旨在探索三名足球运动员(平均年龄19±0岁)在特定角色位置的视觉行为和注意力;右翼(RW),中场(CM)和左后卫(LB),在收到队友的球之前的五秒钟。
■22名男子足球运动员进行了11v11比赛,其中24个游戏序列(试验),通过TobiiPro眼动注册眼镜和软件记录和分析了166个注视。凝视行为因变量是固定持续时间(FD)的平均值,第一次固定时间(TTF),两者都以毫秒(ms)为单位测量,以及八个感兴趣区域(AOI)的注视次数(NF)。AOI包括有和没有球的队友,没有球的对手,有和没有球的队友周围的空间,没有球的对手周围的空间,球和未定义。平均瞳孔直径(PD)与注意力相关,以毫米(mm)为单位进行测量。
■描述性统计数据显示FD中参与者之间的不规则搜索率数据,TTF,AOI上的NF。球上的平均FD:(CM,270ms),(RW,570ms),(CM,380毫秒)。他们还显示了比赛期间平均PD的差异;(CM:2.90mm±0.26),(RW:2.74mm±0.30),(LB2.77mm±0.27)。
■尽管样本量很小,研究结果证明了一种有希望的方法来衡量足球运动员的现场感知认知能力,根据他们的具体位置,因为不同的游戏角色显示出独特的视觉和注意力模式。这可能有助于调整球员的视觉和焦点训练。
Visual perception has been defined as the first step to a football player\'s decision-making process and it plays an important role in performance in sport. The skill of focussing to prioritize relevant cues has been also considered crucial in sport. This pilot study aims to explore the visual behaviour and attentional effort of three football players (mean age 19 ± 0 years old) in specific-role positions; Right-winger (RW), Centre-Midfielder (CM) and Left-Back (LB), in the five seconds before receiving the ball from their teammate.
Twenty-two male football players performed an 11v11 game, where 24 game sequences (trials) from which 166 fixations were recorded and analysed via the Tobii Pro eye-movement registration glasses and software. The gaze behaviour dependent variables were the mean of fixation duration (FD), time to first fixation (TTF), both measured in milliseconds (ms), and the number of fixations (NF) on eight areas of interest (AOIs). AOIs include teammate with and without the ball, opponent without the ball, space around teammate with and without the ball, space around opponent without the ball, ball and undefined. The mean pupil diameter (PD) correlates to the attentional effort and was measured in millimetres (mm).
Descriptive statistics showed nonregular search rate data between the participants in FD, TTF, NF on the AOIs. Mean FD on the ball: (CM, 270 ms), (RW, 570 ms), (CM, 380 ms). They also presented differences in the mean PD during play; (CM: 2.90 mm ± 0.26), (RW: 2.74 mm ± 0.30), (LB 2.77mm ± 0.27).
Albeit the sample size was small, the findings demonstrated a promising way to measure the on-field perceptual-cognitive abilities of football players according to their specific positions, since different playing roles revealed to present distinctive visual and attentional patterns. This could potentially assist in tailoring players \'visual and focus training.