干细胞移植(SCT)与口腔微生物菌群失调有关。然而,缺乏长期纵向数据。因此,本研究旨在纵向评估SCT患者的口腔微生物组,并确定变化是否与口腔黏膜炎和口腔慢性移植物抗宿主病相关.前瞻性随访了在两家荷兰大学医院接受治疗的50名同种异体SCT接受者,从SCT前开始,住院期间每周一次,SCT后3、6、12和18个月。采集口腔冲洗样品,评估口腔黏膜炎(WHO评分)和口腔慢性移植物抗宿主病(NIH评分)。SCT后口腔微生物组多样性(Shannon指数)和组成显着变化,并从SCT后3个月恢复到治疗前的水平。口腔粘膜炎与微生物多样性和几个疾病相关属的更明显的减少有关。如分枝杆菌,葡萄球菌,和肠球菌.另一方面,微生物组多样性和组成与口腔慢性移植物抗宿主病无关。最后,口腔微生物组的菌群失调在SCT后直接发生,但在3个月后恢复.多样性和组成与口腔粘膜炎有关,但与口腔慢性移植物抗宿主病无关。
Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. However, long-term longitudinal data are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to longitudinally assess the oral microbiome in SCT patients and to determine if changes are associated with oral mucositis and oral chronic graft-versus-host disease. Fifty allogeneic SCT recipients treated in two Dutch university hospitals were prospectively followed, starting at pre-SCT, weekly during hospitalization, and at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after SCT. Oral rinsing samples were taken, and oral mucositis (WHO score) and oral chronic graft-versus-host disease (NIH score) were assessed. The oral microbiome diversity (Shannon index) and composition significantly changed after SCT and returned to pre-treatment levels from 3 months after SCT. Oral mucositis was associated with a more pronounced decrease in microbial diversity and with several disease-associated genera, such as Mycobacterium, Staphylococcus, and Enterococcus. On the other hand, microbiome diversity and composition were not associated with oral chronic graft-versus-host disease. To conclude, dysbiosis of the oral microbiome occurred directly after SCT but recovered after 3 months. Diversity and composition were related to oral mucositis but not to oral chronic graft-versus-host disease.