目的:研究嗅觉训练对嗅觉恢复的影响。
方法:在不同的数据库中进行了广泛的搜索,以找到分析嗅觉训练作为嗅觉功能障碍治疗的功效的文章。根据PRISMA指南评估最终样本中主要研究的方法学质量。术后嗅觉训练组的标准化平均差异,如果可能的话,在实验控制和预随访中,由对冲效应大小统计量计算。每个效应大小由其逆方差加权。
结果:最终样本由36篇文章(45个前后效应大小)组成。对比分别进行气味识别,气味辨别,气味阈值和一般嗅觉功能。嗅觉功能获得中等到较大和异质效应(g=0.755,k=45,SE=0.093,CI95%=[0.572,0.937]),不同的主持人产生了显著的影响,例如,培训持续时间,年龄和嗅觉缺失诊断。
结论:嗅觉训练对恢复嗅觉功能具有积极而显著的作用。
OBJECTIVE: Study the efficacy of olfactory training in smell recovery.
METHODS: An extensive search was performed through different databases in order to find articles analyzing the efficacy of olfactory training as a treatment for olfactory dysfunction. Methodological quality of primary studies within the final sample was assessed following PRISMA guidelines. Standardized mean differences in pre-post olfactory training groups, and also in experimental-control and pre-follow up if possible, were computed by Hedges\' g effect size statistic. Each effect size was weighted by its inverse variance.
RESULTS: Final sample was composed of 36 articles (45 pre-post effect sizes). Contrasts were performed separately for odor identification, odor discrimination, odor threshold and general olfactory function. Moderate to large and heterogeneous effect was obtained for olfactory function (g = 0.755, k = 45, SE = 0.093, CI 95% = [0.572, 0.937]), different moderators had a significant effects, such as, training duration, age and anosmia diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Olfactory training was found to have a positive and significant effect on rehabilitating the olfactory function.