嗅鞘细胞(OEC)因其在神经元再生中的作用和促进组织修复的潜力而闻名。脂肪来源的干细胞(ADSCs),以间充质干细胞(MSC)特性为特征,显示成纤维细胞样形态并表达MSC表面标记,使它们适用于骨关节炎(OA)的再生疗法。在这项研究中,OECs和ADSCs来自组织,并对其形态进行了表征,表面标记表达,和差异化能力。胶原酶诱导的OA在10周龄C57BL/6小鼠中产生,然后关节内注射ADSC(1×105),OEC(1×105),或较高剂量的OEC(5×105)。使用旋转杆性能测试评估治疗效果,MRI,组织学,和免疫组织化学。两种细胞均表现出典型的MSC特征,并成功分化为脂肪细胞。成骨细胞,和软骨细胞,通过基因表达和染色证实。移植显著改善了转杆性能和保持软骨完整性,从核磁共振成像和组织学观察,软骨破坏减少,软骨细胞增加。免疫组织化学显示在治疗的关节中II型胶原和聚集蛋白聚糖升高,表明透明软骨形成,并降低MMP13和IL-1β的表达,提示炎症和分解代谢活性降低。这些发现强调了OECs和ADSCs通过保留软骨治疗OA的再生潜力,促进软骨细胞增殖,减少炎症。需要进一步的研究来优化分娩方法并评估长期临床结果。
Olfactory-ensheathing cells (OECs) are known for their role in neuronal regeneration and potential to promote tissue repair. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), characterized by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) traits, display a fibroblast-like morphology and express MSC surface markers, making them suitable for regenerative therapies for osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, OECs and ADSCs were derived from tissues and characterized for their morphology, surface marker expression, and differentiation capabilities. Collagenase-induced OA was created in 10-week-old C57BL/6 mice, followed by intra-articular injections of ADSCs (1 × 105), OECs (1 × 105), or a higher dose of OECs (5 × 105). Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using rotarod performance tests, MRI, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Both cell types exhibited typical MSC characteristics and successfully differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes, confirmed by gene expression and staining. Transplantation significantly improved rotarod performance and preserved cartilage integrity, as seen in MRI and histology, with reduced cartilage destruction and increased chondrocytes. Immunohistochemistry showed elevated type II collagen and aggrecan in treated joints, indicating hyaline cartilage formation, and reduced MMP13 and IL-1β expression, suggesting decreased inflammation and catabolic activity. These findings highlight the regenerative potential of OECs and ADSCs in treating OA by preserving cartilage, promoting chondrocyte proliferation, and reducing inflammation. Further research is needed to optimize delivery methods and evaluate long-term clinical outcomes.