纺织废水灌溉对作物生产力和土壤养分水平的有害影响主要与土壤中顽固偶氮染料的积累有关。因此,纺织废物污染土壤的毒性评估以及强大的土壤生物修复策略的发展对研究人员来说是一项具有挑战性的任务。本研究旨在评估从坎普尔潘基工业站点5收集的纺织废水灌溉土壤的潜在毒性,印度采用艾姆斯沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体测试,大肠杆菌DNA修复缺陷突变分析和洋葱染色体畸变分析。Ames试验和DNA修复缺陷突变试验结果表明,污染土壤样品的所有有机提取物均引起不同程度的DNA损伤,表明存在致突变性和遗传毒性。此外,在A.cepa根细胞中,污染土壤改变有丝分裂指数并引起染色体异常。研究结果表明,与灌溉纺织废水有关的潜在健康风险。鉴于上述情况,这项研究导致了一种新型本土细菌的分离和表征,该细菌能够耐受非常高浓度的活性黑5染料(500μg-mL-1)和盐(20gL-1),同时具有高效的染料降解,即在37°C的温度和5-9的pH范围内,脱色率为93%。基于16SrRNA基因测序,该细菌被鉴定为中间嗜铬杆菌。Further,通过气相色谱-质谱法将染料降解产物鉴定为2-氢磺酰基乙基硫酸钠和3-氨基萘-2-磺酸钠;该分离物可用于纺织废物污染土壤的生物修复。
The harmful effects of textile wastewater irrigation practices on the crop productivity and soil nutrient levels are primarily related with the accumulation of recalcitrant azo dyes in the soil. Therefore, toxicity assessment of the textile waste contaminated soil along with the development of a powerful soil bioremediation strategy is a challenging task for the researchers. Present study aimed to evaluate potential toxicity of the textile wastewater irrigated soil collected from Panki industrial site 5, Kanpur, India employing Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test, Escherichia coli DNA repair defective mutation assay and Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay. The results of the Ames test and DNA repair defective mutation test showed that all the organic extracts of the contaminated soil samples induced different degrees of DNA damage, indicating the existence of mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Additionally, in A. cepa root cells, the contaminated soil altered mitotic index and caused chromosomal abnormalities. Results of the study demonstrated potential health risks related with the irrigation of textile wastewater. Keeping in view of the above scenario, the study led to the isolation and characterization of a novel indigenous bacterium capable of tolerating very high concentration of reactive black 5 dye (500 μg-mL-1) and salt (20 gL-1) with concurrently high efficiency of the dye degradation i.e., 93% decolorization at temperature of 37 °C and in pH range of 5-9. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium. Further, dye degradation products were identified as sodium-2-hydrosulfonylethyl sulphate and sodium-3-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonate by Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry; and this isolate can be exploited for bioremediation of textile waste contaminated soils.