背景:肌肉减少症描述了与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和强度下降,至少在某种程度上,肌肉蛋白质合成(MPS)和肌肉蛋白质分解速率之间的不平衡。越来越多的文献研究了ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)摄入对老年人MPS发生率的影响,结果喜忧参半。
目的:本系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是研究在健康成人和临床人群中,摄入n-3PUFA对MPS刺激率和全身蛋白合成的影响。
方法:对PubMed进行了搜索,WebofScience,科克伦图书馆,和Scopus数据库从开始到2022年12月,有关随机对照试验的文章比较了n-3PUFA摄入与对照或安慰剂对MPS和全身蛋白质合成率的影响。搜索产生了302项研究,其中8人符合入选条件。
方法:使用随机效应逆方差模型,并计算95CIs的标准化平均差(SMD)来评估合并效应。偏倚风险通过Cochrane风险2工具进行评估。
方法:主要分析表明补充n-3PUFA对MPS比率没有影响(k=6;SMD:0.03;95CI,-0.35至0.40;I2=30%;P=.89)。基于年龄的亚组分析,n-3PUFA剂量,补充的持续时间,和用于测量分数合成率的方法也显示n-3PUFA摄入对MPS没有影响。相比之下,主要分析显示摄入n-3PUFA对增加全身蛋白质合成速率有影响(k=3;SMD:0.51;95CI,0.12-0.90;I2=0%;P=.01).
结论:n-3PUFA的摄入增加了健康成人和临床人群对全身蛋白质合成率的刺激。
背景:PROSPERO注册号。42022366986。
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia describes the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that is driven, at least in part, by an imbalance between rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown. An expanding body of literature has examined the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) ingestion on MPS rates in older adults, with mixed findings.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of n-3 PUFA ingestion in stimulating rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis in healthy adults and clinical populations.
METHODS: Searches were conducted of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases from inception until December 2022 for articles on randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion vs a control or placebo on rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis. The search yielded 302 studies, of which 8 were eligible for inclusion.
METHODS: The random effects inverse-variance model was used and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95%CIs were calculated to assess the pooled effect. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool.
METHODS: The main analysis indicated no effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on MPS rates (k = 6; SMD: 0.03; 95%CI, -0.35 to 0.40; I2 = 30%; P = .89). Subgroup analysis based on age, n-3 PUFA dose, duration of supplementation, and method used to measure fractional synthetic rate also revealed no effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on MPS. In contrast, the main analysis demonstrated an effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on increasing whole-body protein synthesis rates (k = 3; SMD: 0.51; 95%CI, 0.12-0.90; I2 = 0%; P = .01).
CONCLUSIONS: n-3 PUFA ingestion augments the stimulation of whole-body protein synthesis rates in healthy adults and clinical populations.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO registration no. 42022366986.