在非洲监测蜥蜴家族中,据报道,有两个血凝素属。其中包括五种HepatozoonMiller,1908年和HaemogreginaDanilewsky的一种,1885.即使其他血液类属,如HemoliviaPetit,兰道,Baccam&Lainson,1990年和KaryolysusLabbé,据报道,1894年寄生于其他蜥蜴家族,这些还没有被发现感染Varanidae。迄今为止,仅从Lacertidae家族的蜥蜴和作者的知识中对Karyolysus属进行了正式描述和命名,这只包括九个物种。使用18S基因片段的分子表征最近才完成,其中只有两个物种。迄今为止,从南部非洲varanids中已知三种肝虫动物,其中一个肝体悖论(迪亚斯,1954年)具有与Karyolysidae家族相似的形态特征。因此,本研究旨在从形态学上重新描述和表征H.paradoxa分子,从而确定其分类位置。
Daudin的Varanusalbigularis标本,1802年(岩石监视器)和Varanusniloticus(哈塞尔奎斯特的Linnaeus,1762)(尼罗河监测仪)是从Ndumo野生动物保护区收集的,南非。在捕获动物后,检查吸血节肢动物。采集了血液,薄的血液涂片准备,染上了Giemsa,捕获的寄生虫的筛选和显微照片。将血脑形态数据与非洲varanids的命名血脑形态数据进行了比较。引物组HepF300和HepR900用于靶向18SrRNA基因的片段,并将所得序列与选自GenBank数据库的其他已知的血细胞序列进行比较。
确定了肝脏类动物悖论,感染了八分之二(25%)的弧菌和单个(100%)的弧菌。系统发育分析显示,H.paradoxa与\'Karyolysus\'进化枝聚集,而不是爬行动物肝虫。
除此之外,这是非洲Varanidae中血液的第一个形态学和分子特征,这是第一个报告的一个物种的核仁感染监测蜥蜴科。此外,现在,这仅构成了第三种描述和命名的核仁物种,其中有可用的核苷酸序列。
Within the African monitor lizard family Varanidae, two haemogregarine genera have been reported. These comprise five species of Hepatozoon Miller, 1908 and a species of Haemogregarina Danilewsky, 1885. Even though other haemogregarine genera such as Hemolivia Petit, Landau, Baccam & Lainson, 1990 and Karyolysus Labbé, 1894 have been reported parasitising other lizard families, these have not been found infecting the Varanidae. The genus Karyolysus has to date been formally described and named only from lizards of the family Lacertidae and to the authors\' knowledge, this includes only nine species. Molecular characterisation using fragments of the 18S gene has only recently been completed for but two of these species. To date, three Hepatozoon species are known from southern African varanids, one of these Hepatozoon paradoxa (Dias, 1954) shares morphological characteristics alike to species of the family Karyolysidae. Thus, this study aimed to morphologically redescribe and characterise H. paradoxa molecularly, so as to determine its taxonomic placement.
Specimens of Varanus albigularis albigularis Daudin, 1802 (Rock monitor) and Varanus niloticus (Linnaeus in Hasselquist, 1762) (Nile monitor) were collected from the Ndumo Game Reserve, South Africa. Upon capture animals were examined for haematophagous arthropods. Blood was collected, thin blood smears prepared, stained with Giemsa, screened and micrographs of parasites captured. Haemogregarine morphometric data were compared with the data for named haemogregarines of African varanids. Primer set HepF300 and HepR900 was employed to target a fragment of the 18S rRNA gene and resulting sequences compared with other known haemogregarine sequences selected from the GenBank database.
Hepatozoon paradoxa was identified infecting two out of eight (25 %) V. a. albigularis and a single (100 %) V. niloticus examined. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that H. paradoxa clustered with the \'Karyolysus\' clade, and not with those of reptilian Hepatozoon spp.
In addition to this being the first morphological and molecular characterisation of a haemogregarine within the African Varanidae, it is the first report of a species of Karyolysus infecting the monitor lizard family. Furthermore, this constitutes now only the third described and named Karyolysus species for which there is a nucleotide sequence available.