■有智力障碍(ID)的人有患糖尿病(DM)和糖尿病性周围神经病变(DPN)的风险,会导致足部溃疡和下肢截肢。然而,认知差异和沟通障碍可能会阻碍某些筛查和预防DPN的方法。可穿戴和移动技术——如智能手机应用程序和压敏鞋垫——可能有助于抵消这些障碍。然而,对这些技术在有身份证的个体中的有效性知之甚少。
■我们对数据库Embase进行了范围审查,PubMed,和WebofScience使用DM的搜索词,DPN,ID,以及诊断或监测DPN的技术。发现缺乏这方面的研究,我们扩大了搜索范围,包括任何有关诊断或监测DPN技术的文献,然后将这些发现应用于ID.
■我们确定了88篇文章;88篇文章中有43篇(48.9%)与步态力学或脚部压力有关。没有文章明确将有身份证的个人作为目标人群,尽管有三篇文章涉及具有其他认知障碍的个体(有中风史的患者中有两篇,血液透析相关认知改变患者中的1例)。
■在使用技术诊断或监测DPN的研究中不代表具有ID的个人。考虑到ID患者中DM并发症的风险以及此类技术减少筛查和预防障碍的潜在额外益处,这是一个令人担忧的问题。更多的研究应该研究如何在有ID的患者中使用可穿戴设备。
UNASSIGNED: Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are at risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which can lead to foot ulcers and lower-extremity amputations. However, cognitive differences and communication barriers may impede some methods for screening and prevention of DPN. Wearable and mobile technologies-such as smartphone apps and pressure-sensitive insoles-could help to offset these barriers, yet little is known about the effectiveness of these technologies among individuals with ID.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a scoping review of the databases Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science using search terms for DM, DPN, ID, and technology to diagnose or monitor DPN. Finding a lack of research in this area, we broadened our search terms to include any literature on technology to diagnose or monitor DPN and then applied these findings within the context of ID.
UNASSIGNED: We identified 88 articles; 43 of 88 (48.9%) articles were concerned with gait mechanics or foot pressures. No articles explicitly included individuals with ID as the target population, although three articles involved individuals with other cognitive impairments (two among patients with a history of stroke, one among patients with hemodialysis-related cognitive changes).
UNASSIGNED: Individuals with ID are not represented in studies using technology to diagnose or monitor DPN. This is a concern given the risk of DM complications among patients with ID and the potential for added benefit of such technologies to reduce barriers to screening and prevention. More studies should investigate how wearable devices can be used among patients with ID.