Abstract：
Urban Heat Island (UHI) is acknowledged to generate harmful consequences on human health, and it is one of the main anthropogenic challenges to face in modern cities. Due to the urban dynamic complexity, a full microclimate decoding is required to design tailored mitigation strategies for reducing heat-related vulnerability. This study proposes a new method to assess intra-urban microclimate variability by combining for the first time two dedicated monitoring systems consisting of fixed and mobile techniques. Data from three fixed weather stations were used to analyze long-term trends, while mobile devices (a vehicle and a wearable) were used in short-term monitoring campaigns conducted in summer and winter to assess and geo-locate microclimate spatial variations. Additionally, data from mobile devices were used as input for Kriging interpolation in the urban area of Florence (Italy) as case study. Mobile monitoring sessions provided high-resolution spatial data, enabling the detection of hyperlocal variations in air temperature. The maximum air temperature amplitudes were verified with the wearable system: 3.3 °C in summer midday and 4.3 °C in winter morning. Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) demonstrated to be similar when comparing green areas and their adjacent built-up zone, showing up the microclimate mitigation contribution of greenery in its surrounding. Results also showed that mixing the two data acquisition and varied analysis techniques succeeded in investigating the UHI and the site-specific role of potential mitigation actions. Moreover, mobile dataset was reliable for elaborating maps by interpolating the monitored parameters. Interpolation results demonstrated the possibility of optimizing mobile monitoring campaigns by focusing on targeted streets and times of day since interpolation errors increased by 10% only with properly reduced and simplified input samples. This allowed an enhanced detection of the site-specific granularity, which is important for urban planning and policymaking, adaptation, and risk mitigation actions to overcome the UHI and anthropogenic climate change effects.
摘要：
城市热岛（UHI）被认为会对人类健康产生有害影响，这是现代城市面临的主要人为挑战之一。由于城市动态的复杂性,需要进行全面的小气候解码，以设计量身定制的缓解策略，以减少与热量相关的脆弱性。这项研究首次结合了由固定和移动技术组成的两个专用监测系统，提出了一种评估城市内部小气候变异性的新方法。来自三个固定气象站的数据被用来分析长期趋势，在夏季和冬季进行的短期监测活动中使用移动设备（车辆和可穿戴设备）来评估和定位小气候的空间变化。此外,来自移动设备的数据用作佛罗伦萨（意大利）市区Kriging插值的输入，作为案例研究。移动监测会议提供了高分辨率空间数据，能够检测空气温度的超局部变化。使用可穿戴系统验证了最高气温幅度：夏季中午为3.3°C，冬季早晨为4.3°C。在比较绿色区域及其相邻的建筑区时，生理等效温度（PET）被证明是相似的，展示了绿色植物在其周围的微气候缓解贡献。结果还表明，混合两种数据采集和多种分析技术成功地调查了UHI和潜在缓解行动的特定地点作用。此外，移动数据集通过插值监控参数来制作地图是可靠的。插值结果还证明了通过关注目标街道和一天中的时间来优化移动监控活动的可能性，因为插值误差仅在输入样本减少的情况下增加了10％。这允许更好地检测特定于站点的粒度，这对城市规划和决策很重要，适应,和减轻风险的行动，以克服UHI和人为气候变化的影响。
