关于辐射对环境中微生物群落的低剂量效应仍然知之甚少。矿泉是受天然放射性影响的生态系统。这些极端环境是,因此,用于研究慢性放射性对天然生物群影响的观测站。在这些生态系统中,我们发现硅藻,单细胞微藻,在食物链中发挥重要作用。本研究旨在调查,使用DNA元数学编码,两个环境隔室(即春季沉积物和水)中的天然放射性对遗传丰富度的影响,地块中部16个矿泉硅藻群落的多样性和结构,法国。硅藻生物膜在2019年10月收集,叶绿体基因rbcL的312bp区域(编码二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶)用作分类分配的条形码。共发现565个扩增子序列变体(ASV)。占优势的ASV与Naviculasanctamargaritae有关,Gedaniellasp.,Planothidium频率,Naviculaveneta,外交官们,Amphoracopulata,brebissonii松果,Halamphora咖啡豆,Gomphonemasapprophilum,和维他命Nitzschia,但是一些ASV无法在物种级别进行分配。皮尔逊相关性未能显示ASV的丰富度和放射性参数之间的相关性。基于ASV发生或丰度的非参数MANOVA分析显示,地理位置是影响ASV分布的主要因素。有趣的是,238U是解释硅藻ASV结构的第二个因素。在监测的矿泉中的ASV中,与Planothidium频率的遗传变异之一相关的ASV在春季得到了很好的代表,并且具有较高的238U水平,表明它对这种特殊的放射性核素有很高的耐受性。因此,这种硅藻物种可以代表高天然铀含量的生物指示剂。
Little is still known about the low dose effects of radiation on the microbial communities in the environment. Mineral springs are ecosystems than can be affected by natural radioactivity. These extreme environments are, therefore, observatories for studying the influence of chronic radioactivity on the natural biota. In these ecosystems we find diatoms, unicellular microalgae, playing an essential role in the food chain. The present study aimed to investigate, using DNA metabarcoding, the effect of natural radioactivity in two environmental compartments (i.e. spring sediments and water) on the genetic richness, diversity and structure of diatom communities in 16 mineral springs in the Massif Central, France. Diatom biofilms were collected during October 2019, and a 312 bp region of the chloroplast gene rbcL (coding for the Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase) used as a barcode for taxonomic assignation. A total of 565 amplicon sequence variants (ASV) were found. The dominant ASV were associated with Navicula sanctamargaritae, Gedaniella sp., Planothidium frequentissimum, Navicula veneta, Diploneis vacillans, Amphora copulata, Pinnularia brebissonii, Halamphora coffeaeformis, Gomphonema saprophilum, and Nitzschia vitrea, but some of the ASVs could not be assigned at the species level. Pearson correlation failed to show a correlation between ASV\' richness and radioactivity parameters. Non-parametric MANOVA analysis based on ASVs occurrence or abundances revealed that geographical location was the main factor influencing ASVs distribution. Interestingly, 238U was the second factor that explained diatom ASV structure. Among the ASVs in the mineral springs monitored, ASV associated with one of the genetic variants of Planothidium frequentissimum was well represented in the springs and with higher levels of 238U, suggesting its high tolerance to this particular radionuclide. This diatom species may therefore represent a bio-indicator of high natural levels of uranium.