无家可归正迅速成为全球许多城市的一个关键问题。日益恶化的形势不仅凸显了社会经济困境,但它也提高了人们对附属问题的认识,例如对城市水质的潜在影响。这项研究的目的是同时利用各种来源跟踪工具来开发化学和微生物指纹,描述人类直接投入到拉斯维加斯支流洗涤中的相对贡献。通过使用一般水质参数评估各种城市水矩阵,粪便指示细菌(FIB),人类相关微生物标记[例如,HF183,crAssphage,和胡椒轻度斑驳病毒(PMMoV)],16SrRNA基因测序数据,和52种人为痕量有机化合物(TORCs)的浓度,这项研究能够区分这些成分的主要来源,包括无家可归的人的贡献。例如,HF183(31%与0%),crAssphage(61%vs.5%),和PMMoV(72%与55%)更频繁地检测到支流清洗与更高的无家可归者人口普查计数与\'控制\'支流洗涤。非法药物或其代谢物(例如,海洛因,乙酰吗啡,安非他明,和可卡因)并选择TORC(例如,对乙酰氨基酚,咖啡因,布洛芬,和萘普生)也被更频繁地检测到,并且在受人为影响的洗涤中浓度更高。这些数据可以用来提高人们对更广泛的社区和那些无家可归的人之间的共同利益的认识,特别是保护环境健康和水质的重要性。最终,这可能会导致更快地采用行之有效的策略来实现零功能无家可归,或者至少为没有庇护的个人提供额外的资源。
Unsheltered homelessness is rapidly becoming a critical issue in many cities worldwide. The worsening situation not only highlights the socioeconomic plight, but it also raises awareness of ancillary issues such as the potential implications for urban water quality. The objective of this study was to simultaneously leverage diverse source tracking tools to develop a chemical and microbial fingerprint describing the relative contribution of direct human inputs into Las Vegas\' tributary washes. By evaluating a wide range of urban water matrices using general water quality parameters, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), human-associated microbial markers [e.g., HF183, crAssphage, and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV)], 16S rRNA gene sequencing data, and concentrations of 52 anthropogenic trace organic compounds (TOrCs), this study was able to differentiate principal sources of these constituents, including contributions from unsheltered homelessness. For example, HF183 (31% vs. 0%), crAssphage (61% vs. 5%), and PMMoV (72% vs. 55%) were more frequently detected in tributary washes with higher homeless census counts vs. \'control\' tributary washes. Illicit drugs or their metabolites (e.g., heroin, acetylmorphine, amphetamine, and cocaine) and select TOrCs (e.g., acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, and naproxen) were also detected more frequently and at higher concentrations in the more anthropogenically-impacted washes. These data can be used to raise awareness of the shared interests between the broader community and those who are experiencing homelessness, notably the importance of protecting environmental health and water quality. Ultimately, this may lead to more rapid adoption of proven strategies for achieving functional zero homelessness, or at least additional resources for unsheltered individuals.