(1) Background: Pre-pandemic, child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) referrals were paper based in Liverpool and Sefton (England, United Kingdom), causing delays in waiting times. The \"CYP as One\" online mental health referral platform was co-created to overcome these challenges. (2) Methods: This study aims to improve \"CYP as One\" accessibility and usability and, subsequently, support CAMHS to improve waiting times. The current study utilised the Living Lab approach. We conducted content analysis on completed online referrals extracted from the \"CYP as One\" platform. These findings were supplemented by seven online focus groups, with 16-19-year-old young people, parents of children under 16, and health service providers. Thematic analysis was conducted on all data. (3) Results: The thematic analysis returned seven themes, namely (i) \"CYP as One\" vs. Traditional Referrals, (ii) Gender and Language Dynamics, (iii) Digital Empathy in Action, (iv) the Influence of the Provider Perspective, (v) Age and Social Sensitivity, (vi) Enhancing Access to Information, and (vii) Boosting Admin and Clinical Efficiency. (4) Conclusions: Digital content that seeks to replace in-person referrals can provide adequate support to children and young people who have faced difficulties accessing mental health services.

The current study aimed to advance our understanding of the factors that influence mental health diversion in Local Courts in New South Wales, Australia. Logistic regression was used to systematically identify the factors that are correlated with diversion in a cohort of individuals (N = 7283) diagnosed with psychosis. Those with a substance-induced psychotic disorder were less likely to be diverted than those with an affective psychosis or schizophrenia, after adjusting for age, gender, Indigenous status, offence seriousness, violence and criminal history. Unexpectedly, those with psychotic disorders committing violent or serious offences were more likely to be diverted than those committing non-violent, less serious offences. Legal representation should be provided to all individuals with serious mental illnesses facing criminal charges. The State-wide Community and Court Liaison Service should be expanded to more Local Courts. Further research is required into why Aboriginal defendants with a psychotic illness are less likely to be diverted.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review to examine and summarize the characteristics of research related to mental health (MH) screenings and/or referrals to treatment in dental practices.
METHODS: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for Scoping Reviews and searched multiple databases for terms connected with dental care, MH concerns, screening, and referral. Included articles: (1) described care provided in a dental practice, (2) described a situation where the patient is experiencing the potential MH problem, (3) did not involve dental anxiety exclusively, and (4) involved some form of MH screening and/or referral to treatment. Article analysis included a summary of key study characteristics, types of evidence, study design, and central concepts and definitions.
RESULTS: The search generated 2050 records, with 26 ultimately included. Most studies involved only adults (22, 85%), but only three (12%) reported on rurality (two urban; one mixed) and only two each (8%) reported race or ethnicity. Fifteen (58%) articles were prospective and 11 (42%) were retrospective. The studies varied widely in study designs, from 11 (42%) cross-sectional methodologies to only one (4%) randomized controlled trial. Thirty-four screening tools were used to screen for symptoms of 43 MH conditions, with depression and anxiety screened for most frequently. Few articles discussed making referrals, practice workflows, or follow-up outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Included studies provide evidence of viable options for dental practitioners regarding MH screening, referring, and conducting follow-up, but lack specificity regarding these processes. Overall, more research is needed to clarify what workflows are most efficient for dental practitioners and efficacious in identifying patients with MH concerns.

This article describes the history and development of a faith-based mental health network of over one hundred Black churches in North St Louis City and County. The Bridges to Care and Recovery (BCR) program is a joint effort of the Black faith community, three community hospitals, local universities, a school of medicine and funding from the city /state departments of mental health. The mission of BCR is to improve the fragmented mental health services to the Black community and to address the stigma of mental illness. This innovative program provides a blueprint for other metropolitan areas to emulate. The present paper is a detailed description of the key elements and services of the Bridges program.

Engagement with secondary mental health services after an emergency department presentation with suicidal behaviours may be an important strategy for reducing the risk of repeat attempts. Our aim was to examine secondary mental health service contact following a presentation to emergency department with suicidal behaviours.
A systematic review of papers published between 2000 and 2020 was undertaken. This identified 56 papers relating to 47 primary studies. Data were extracted and summarised separately by age group: (1) young people, (2) older adults and (3) adults and studies with participants of \'all ages\'.
Studies in young people (n = 13) showed, on average, 44.8% were referred and 33.7% had contact with secondary mental health services within 4 weeks of emergency department discharge. In comparison, in adult/all ages studies (n = 34), on average, 27.1% were referred to and 26.2% had mental health service contact within 4 weeks. Only three studies presented data on contact with mental health services for older adults, and proportions ranged from 49.0% to 86.0%.
This review highlights poor utilisation of secondary mental health service following emergency department presentation for suicidal behaviours, and further research is needed to identify the reasons for this. Crucially, this information could assist in the allocation of resources to facilitate the timely implementation of suicide prevention services.

BACKGROUND: Persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are understudied and underserved with respect to both dental and mental health services. The coexistence of psychiatric and dental problems in PLWHA leads to more complex diagnostic assessments and treatments compared to the general population. The aim of the present study was to identify relevant themes from the perspectives of important stakeholders regarding the barriers to and facilitators of patient referral to these services.
METHODS: Semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted with nine program directors and other key staff from New York State HIV clinics to examine barriers to and facilitators of successful dental and mental health referrals and factors that affect patient motivation.
RESULTS: Primary themes crystalized around dental and mental health referral, subject knowledge and perspective, patient barriers, and strategies to overcome barriers. Identified barriers included mental health and HIV status stigma, social determinants of health, fear, disconnectedness, and inconsistent access for dental care. Facilitators identified included case management, integrated one-stop-shop care, and interprofessional awareness and collaboration. Potential patient motivators included process improvement strategies such as transportation support, case management, incentives, and building trust.
CONCLUSIONS: Specific strategies to facilitate patient motivation such as care coordination and interprofessional collaboration is useful for improving dental and mental health referrals.

Depression is undertreated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 without kidney replacement therapy (KRT), despite evidence showing its association with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Earlier and more adequate identification of patients with depression is needed. A quasi-experimental evidence-based project included 33 patients with CKD stage 4 not on KRT from a local nephrology office. The patients, who had previously been screened with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), were screened with the Beck Depression Inventory. Nine patients (27%) had Beck Depression Inventory scores suggesting the need for a mental health referral compared to none having the need for a mental health referral captured by the PHQ-2. Results of this study indicate that screening with the Beck Depression Inventory should be considered to more accurately identify patients with depressive symptoms so interventions can occur earlier.