This article is devoted to the prospects of the Scientific Music Therapy (SMT) technologies utilized in mental health improving and rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19. Clinically detected that an expanded portion of patients have respiratory lacking and different symptoms of mental disorders, including stress, anxiety, depression, etc. The reason to present the SMT basics and technologies is their critical accomplishments in the optimizing the work of the nervous system and vital organs, also online, which is exceptionally real in pandemics. The article moreover presents the data of a clinical study about the utilized SMT innovations within the recovery of patients after COVID. That experience will be useful to improve the efficiency of the rehabilitation efforts of medical staff and psychologists.

BACKGROUND: Assessing the risk of children developing mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders (MBDDs), including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), as well as achieving early detection of such disorders, has become one of the most important undertakings for public mental health professionals worldwide.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the risk of developing MBDDs and the prevalence of MBDDs among young children (18-48 months old) in Russia.
METHODS: A two-level epidemiological screening approach was developed and adopted for the purposes of this study. At the first level, the parents of all children between 18 and 48 months old were questioned using Russian national validated Screening Checklist for Parents for Identification of the Risk of Mental, Behavioral, and Developmental Disorders in Early Childhood in nine regions of Russia (Volgograd, Kirov, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Tver, Chelyabinsk, Yaroslavl, and Stavropol). At the second level, children identified at the first level of screening as being at risk of developing MBDDs were assessed by a child psychiatrist on a voluntary basis and diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision criteria.
RESULTS: The present study revealed that the risk of developing MBDDs stands at 13.07% or 1,307 cases per 10,000 child population aged 18-48 months, whereas the prevalence of confirmed MBDDs is 1.51% or 151 cases per 10,000 among a Russian child population aged 18-48 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Screening for the risk of developing MBDDs, including ASDs, in Russia among very young children is a promising area of preventive medicine. This initiative allows us to develop optimal algorithms for specialized care measures that could help prevent the development and aggravation of children mental health issues.
UNASSIGNED: Оценка риска возникновения нарушений психического развития (НПР), психических и поведенческих расстройств, включая расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС), а также раннее выявление у детей НПР — это важнейшие направления деятельности специалистов по охране психического здоровья во всем мире.
UNASSIGNED: Настоящее исследование направлено на оценку риска развития НПР и распространенности НПР у детей раннего возраста (18–48 месяцев) в России.
UNASSIGNED: Для достижения целей настоящего исследования разработан и применен двухуровневый подход к эпидемиологическому скринингу. На первом уровне сплошным методом были опрошены родители детей в возрасте от 18 до 48 месяцев с использованием отечественной валидизированной «Скрининговой анкеты для родителей по выявлению риска возникновения нарушений психического развития у детей раннего возраста» в девяти регионах России (Волгоград, Киров, Москва, Новосибирск, Оренбург, Тверь, Челябинск, Ярославль, Ставрополь). На втором уровне дети, идентифицированные на первом уровне скрининга как находящиеся в группе риска по развитию НПР, осматривались врачом-психиатром на добровольной основе и в ряде случаев устанавливался диагноз в соответствии с критериями МКБ-10.
UNASSIGNED: Установлено, что риск НПР составляет 13.07%, или 1307 случаев на 10,000 детей в возрасте 18–48 месяцев, тогда как распространенность подтвержденных НПР составляет 1.51%, или 151 случай на 10,000 детей, среди детского населения России в возрасте 18–48 месяцев.
UNASSIGNED: Скрининг риска развития НПР, в том числе РАС, в России среди детей раннего возраста является перспективным направлением профилактической медицины. Эта инициатива позволит разработать оптимальные алгоритмы проведения специализированных мероприятий по профилактике возникновения и усугубления проблем психического здоровья детей.

Integration of diagnosis and treatment for mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders into primary health care is a recommended strategy to improve access to services in low-and middle-income countries. Despite numerous initiatives for integration of mental health care in Uganda, there has not been an evaluation of health management information system (HMIS) records to determine whether MNS disorders are routinely diagnosed. We sought to determine diagnostic pattern of MNS disorders at primary health facilities in Wakiso and Kampala districts, the most populous regions of Uganda. Lower-level primary health facilities were visited to obtain records from HMIS registers, to document diagnoses of MNS disorders. Secondary data analysis was conducted and descriptive statistics reported. A total of 40 primary health care facilities were visited representing 58.6% of the health facilities in the study districts. More than half (54.8%) and almost all (87.5%) of the lower-level health facilities in Wakiso district and Kampala district respectively were visited. The proportion of MNS disorders diagnosed at lower-level primary health facilities in Uganda is very low with Epilepsy the most common MNS diagnosis recorded. Reasons for such low numbers of diagnoses at primary health facilities are discussed as are possible solutions.

A growing number of older people remain in custody each year resulting in an increasing number of common mental and physical health concerns. No prior evidenced-based targeted psychological interventions support this group of people, and little is known about their needs, current activities, and health-related problems. We addressed these gaps through a project involving older prisoners, prison staff and a project advisory group in one male and one female prison site in the North of England. Systematic review evidence supports the development of an implementation tool kit addressing strategies to develop and deliver interventions that are sustainable, acceptable, and feasible in the prison environment. Prison strategies need to specifically address the needs of older people in custody. Relatively inexpensive activities, with some thought to delivery and flexibility have the potential to benefit common mental and physical health, increasing quality of life, reducing high economic and social cost, mortality, and reoffending in this age group.

As the population ages, cognitive decline becomes more common. Strategies targeting the gut-brain axis using probiotics are emerging to achieve improvements in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. However, the beneficial role of probiotics on brain function in healthy older adults remains unclear. Our aim was to evaluate a multi-species probiotic formulation as a therapeutic approach to reduce emotional and cognitive decline associated with aging in healthy adults. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted. The study involved a 10-week intervention where participants consumed the assigned probiotic product daily, followed by a 4-week washout period before the second condition started. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Psychological Experiments Construction Language Test Battery. At the emotional level, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used. Thirty-three participants, recruited between July 2020 and April 2022, ingested a multispecies probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis). After the intervention, noticeable enhancements were observed in cognitive function (mean difference 1.90, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.70, p < 0.005), memory (mean difference 4.60, 95% CI 2.91 to 6.29, p < 0.005) by MMSE and digit task, and depressive symptoms (mean difference 4.09, 95% CI 1.70 to 6.48, p < 0.005) by BDI. Furthermore, there were significant improvements observed in planning and problem-solving skills, selective attention, cognitive flexibility, impulsivity, and inhibitory ability. Probiotics administration improved cognitive and emotional function in older adults. Limited research supports this, requiring more scientific evidence for probiotics as an effective therapy for cognitive decline. This study has been prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04828421; 2020/July/17).

In this editorial we comment on the detrimental consequences that post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) has in the quality of life of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors, highlighting the importance of early onset of multidisciplinary rehabilitation from within the ICU. Although, the syndrome was identified and well described early in 2012, more awareness has been raised on the long-term PICS related health problems by the increased number of coronavirus disease 2019 ICU survivors. It is well outlined that the syndrome affects both the patient and the family and is described as the appearance or worsening of impairment in physical, cognitive, or mental health as consequence of critical illness. PICS was described in order: (1) To raise awareness among clinicians, researchers, even the society; (2) to highlight the need for a multilevel screening of these patients that starts from within the ICU and continues after discharge; (3) to present preventive strategies; and (4) to offer guidelines in terms of rehabilitation. An early multidisciplinary approach is the key element form minimizing the incidence of PICS and its consequences in health related quality of life of both survivors and their families.

BACKGROUND: Mental health conditions are a significant public health problem globally, responsible for >8 million deaths per year. In addition, they lead to lost productivity, exacerbate physical illness, and are associated with stigma and human rights violations. Uganda, like many low- and middle-income countries, faces a massive treatment gap for mental health conditions, and numerous sociocultural challenges exacerbate the burden of mental health conditions.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the development and formative evaluation of a digital health intervention for improving access to mental health care in Uganda.
METHODS: This qualitative study used user-centered design and design science research principles. Stakeholders, including patients, caregivers, mental health care providers, and implementation experts (N=65), participated in focus group discussions in which we explored participants\' experience of mental illness and mental health care, experience with digital interventions, and opinions about a proposed digital mental health service. Data were analyzed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to derive requirements for the digital solution, which was iteratively cocreated with users and piloted.
RESULTS: Several challenges were identified, including a severe shortage of mental health facilities, unmet mental health information needs, heavy burden of caregiving, financial challenges, stigma, and negative beliefs related to mental health. Participants\' enthusiasm about digital solutions as a feasible, acceptable, and convenient method for accessing mental health services was also revealed, along with recommendations to make the service user-friendly, affordable, and available 24×7 and to ensure anonymity. A hospital call center service was developed to provide mental health information and advice in 2 languages through interactive voice response and live calls with health care professionals and peer support workers (recovering patients). In the 4 months after launch, 456 calls, from 236 unique numbers, were made to the system, of which 99 (21.7%) calls went to voicemails (out-of-office hours). Of the remaining 357 calls, 80 (22.4%) calls stopped at the interactive voice response, 231 (64.7%) calls were answered by call agents, and 22 (6.2%) calls were not answered. User feedback was positive, with callers appreciating the inclusion of peer support workers who share their recovery journeys. However, some participant recommendations (eg, adding video call options) or individualized needs (eg, prescriptions) could not be accommodated due to resource limitations or technical feasibility.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a systematic and theory-driven approach to developing contextually appropriate digital solutions for improving mental health care in Uganda and similar contexts. The positive reception of the implemented service underscores its potential impact. Future research should address the identified limitations and evaluate clinical outcomes of long-term adoption.

Transitioning out of elite sports can be a challenging time for athletes. To illuminate the gaps and opportunities in existing support systems and better understand which initiatives may have the greatest benefit in supporting athletes to transition out of elite sport, this study examined the lived experience of retired elite Australian athletes. Using a sequential mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected via a self-report online survey, while qualitative data were collected via semistructured interviews. In total 102 retired high-performance athletes (M=27.35, SD=7.25 years) who competed in an Olympic or Paralympic recognised sport at the national and/or international-level participated in the online survey, providing data across domains of well-being and athletic retirement. Eleven survey respondents opted in for the semistructured interview (M=28.9, SD=6.9 years) providing in-depth responses on their retirement experiences. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), latent variables were identified from the survey data and associations between retirement support, retirement difficulties, retirement experiences, well-being and mental health were determined. Interview data were thematically analysed. The structural model had good predictive validity for all nine latent variables, describing positive and negative associations of retirement experiences, mental health and well-being. Building an identity outside of sport, planning for retirement, and having adaptive coping strategies positively impacted retirement experiences. Feeling behind in a life stage and an abrupt loss of athletic identity had a negative impact on retirement experiences. Implications for sports policymakers are discussed, including support strategies that could better assist athletes in successfully transitioning from elite sports.

Research related to subjective aging, which describes how individuals perceive, interpret and evaluate their own aging, has substantially grown in the past two decades. Evidence from longitudinal studies shows that subjective aging predicts health, quality of life, and functioning in later life. However, the existing literature on successful aging has mostly neglected the role of subjective aging. This paper proposes an extended framework of successful aging linking subjective aging conceptually and empirically to Rowe and Kahn\'s (1997) three original key criteria of successful aging (i.e., avoiding disease and disability, maintaining high cognitive and physical function, and engagement with life). A particular focus is placed on subjective aging as an antecedent of successful aging. A review of the empirical subjective aging literature shows that subjective aging concepts consistently predict all three of Rowe and Kahn\'s criteria of successful aging. Mechanisms underlying these relations are discussed at three levels, namely psychological, behavioral, and physiological pathways. The proposed addition also takes into consideration the interconnections between subjective aging and successful aging throughout the lifespan and across historical time. Finally, we discuss the importance of facilitating successful aging through systematic interventions that support more positive views of aging at the individual and societal level.

UNASSIGNED: To calculate the prevalence rates of mental health symptoms among female professional football players over a 12-month period and to explore the associations of severe injury and related surgery with mental health symptoms among female professional footballers.
UNASSIGNED: An observational prospective cohort study was conducted over a 12-month follow-up period by distributing an electronic questionnaire three times. The questionnaire was based on validated screening tools for assessing mental health symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 74 female professional football players participated in this study. Mental health symptoms ranged from 1% for substance misuse to 65% for sport-psychological distress at baseline, from 6% for anxiety to 53% for sport-psychological distress 6 months postbaseline and from 3% for substance misuse to 55% for sport-psychological distress 12 months postbaseline. The prevalence of disordered eating remained between 15% and 20% over the 12-month period. Only one of the associations was statistically significant. Female professional football players were nearly twice as likely to report sport-related psychological distress following every surgery.
UNASSIGNED: The substantial prevalence of mental health symptoms among female professional football players emphasises the need for increased attention, awareness and interventions. Additionally, female professional football players are nearly twice as likely to report sport-related psychological distress after each surgery. Sports medicine physicians and mental health professionals working in female football should provide standard care, which involves identifying, monitoring and implementing tailored interventions for mental health symptoms.