Abstract：
As the population ages, cognitive decline becomes more common. Strategies targeting the gut-brain axis using probiotics are emerging to achieve improvements in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. However, the beneficial role of probiotics on brain function in healthy older adults remains unclear. Our aim was to evaluate a multi-species probiotic formulation as a therapeutic approach to reduce emotional and cognitive decline associated with aging in healthy adults. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial was conducted. The study involved a 10-week intervention where participants consumed the assigned probiotic product daily, followed by a 4-week washout period before the second condition started. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Psychological Experiments Construction Language Test Battery. At the emotional level, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used. Thirty-three participants, recruited between July 2020 and April 2022, ingested a multispecies probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis). After the intervention, noticeable enhancements were observed in cognitive function (mean difference 1.90, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.70, p < 0.005), memory (mean difference 4.60, 95% CI 2.91 to 6.29, p < 0.005) by MMSE and digit task, and depressive symptoms (mean difference 4.09, 95% CI 1.70 to 6.48, p < 0.005) by BDI. Furthermore, there were significant improvements observed in planning and problem-solving skills, selective attention, cognitive flexibility, impulsivity, and inhibitory ability. Probiotics administration improved cognitive and emotional function in older adults. Limited research supports this, requiring more scientific evidence for probiotics as an effective therapy for cognitive decline. This study has been prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04828421; 2020/July/17).
摘要：
随着人口老龄化,认知能力下降变得更加普遍。使用益生菌针对肠脑轴的策略正在出现，以改善神经精神和神经系统疾病。然而,益生菌对健康老年人脑功能的有益作用尚不清楚.我们的目的是评估多物种益生菌制剂作为一种治疗方法，以减少健康成年人与衰老相关的情绪和认知能力下降。进行随机双盲安慰剂对照交叉试验。该研究涉及为期10周的干预，参与者每天食用指定的益生菌产品，在第二种情况开始之前进行为期4周的冲洗期。使用迷你精神状态检查（MMSE）和心理实验构建语言测试电池评估认知功能。在情感层面，使用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和状态特质焦虑量表(STAI)。33名与会者，在2020年7月至2022年4月之间招募，摄入了多物种益生菌（鼠李糖乳杆菌和乳双歧杆菌）。干预之后,认知功能显著增强(平均差异1.90，95%CI1.09至2.70，p<0.005)，按MMSE和数字任务划分的记忆(平均差4.60，95%CI2.91至6.29，p<0.005)，和抑郁症状(平均差异4.09，95%CI1.70至6.48，p<0.005)。此外，在计划和解决问题的能力方面有了显著的提高，选择性注意,认知灵活性，冲动,和抑制能力。益生菌管理改善老年人的认知和情绪功能。有限的研究支持这一点，需要更多的科学证据，益生菌作为一种有效的治疗认知能力下降。这项研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT04828421;2020/7月/17）进行了前瞻性注册。
