背景:医疗紧急情况是高收入和低收入国家农村地区死亡率和发病率高于城市地区的主要原因。医疗应急准备是医疗保健提供者的知识,技能,以及满足患者紧急需求的信心。农村医疗保健专业人员的医疗应急准备对于防止或减少因医疗紧急情况造成的人员伤亡至关重要。证据表明,农村医疗保健提供者的应急准备工作需要加强。教育和培训是改善这些问题的有效途径。然而,目前尚未进行范围审查,以了解教育干预对农村医疗保健提供者的医疗应急准备的有效性。
目的:本范围审查旨在确定和了解教育干预措施在改善全球农村医疗保健提供者医疗应急准备方面的有效性。
方法:使用用于范围审查的系统评价和Meta分析扩展的首选报告项目来选择用于范围审查的论文。这次范围审查是使用MEDLINE进行的,CINHAL,Scopus,PUBMED和OVID数据库。人口,干预,使用比较和结果[PICO]策略从数据库中选择论文。选定的论文仅限于英语,同行评审期刊,于2013年至2023年出版。共检索到536项研究,和10项符合选择标准的研究纳入本综述.三位审稿人使用JoannaBriggsInstitute[JBI]批判性评估工具分别评估了选定的论文。采用描述性方法对数据进行分析。
结果:从确定的536篇论文中,选择了符合PICO策略的十篇论文进行范围审查。结果显示,农村医疗服务提供者的应急准备情况在全球范围内保持不变。所有干预措施都有效地加强了农村医疗保健提供者的医疗应急准备,尽管干预措施是在不同的持续时间和不同的医疗紧急情况下实施的。结果表明,低保真模拟人体模型是培训全球农村医疗保健专业人员的最具成本效益的干预措施。
结论:该综述的结论是,干预措施后,农村医疗保健提供者的医疗应急准备状况得到了改善。然而,与研究相关的局限性提醒读者明智地阅读结果。此外,未来的研究应该集中在理解干预措施的行为结果上,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家的农村医疗保健提供者中。
BACKGROUND: Medical emergencies are the leading cause of high mortality and morbidity rates in rural areas of higher and lower-income countries than in urban areas. Medical emergency readiness is healthcare providers\' knowledge, skills, and confidence to meet patients\' emergency needs. Rural healthcare professionals\' medical emergency readiness is imperative to prevent or reduce casualties due to medical emergencies. Evidence shows that rural healthcare providers\' emergency readiness needs enhancement. Education and training are the effective ways to improve them. However, there has yet to be a scoping review to understand the efficacy of educational intervention regarding rural healthcare providers\' medical emergency readiness.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to identify and understand the effectiveness of educational interventions in improving rural healthcare providers\' medical emergency readiness globally.
METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews were used to select the papers for this scoping review. This scoping review was conducted using MEDLINE, CINHAL, SCOPUS, PUBMED and OVID databases. The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome [PICO] strategies were used to select the papers from the database. The selected papers were limited to English, peer-reviewed journals and published from 2013 to 2023. A total of 536 studies were retrieved, and ten studies that met the selection criteria were included in the review. Three reviewers appraised the selected papers individually using the Joanna Briggs Institute [JBI] critical appraisal tool. A descriptive method was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS: From the identified 536 papers, the ten papers which met the PICO strategies were selected for the scoping review. Results show that rural healthcare providers\' emergency readiness remains the same globally. All interventions were effective in enhancing rural health care providers\' medical emergency readiness, though the interventions were implemented at various durations of time and in different foci of medical emergencies. Results showed that the low-fidelity simulated manikins were the most cost-effective intervention to train rural healthcare professionals globally.
CONCLUSIONS: The review concluded that rural healthcare providers\' medical emergency readiness improved after the interventions. However, the limitations associated with the studies caution readers to read the results sensibly. Moreover, future research should focus on understanding the interventions\' behavioural outcomes, especially among rural healthcare providers in low to middle-income countries.