■作为一种独立于文化的方法,宏基因组下一代测序(mNGS)广泛应用于微生物诊断,在识别潜在病原体方面具有优势,指导抗生素治疗,改善临床预后,尤其是在文化阴性的情况下。人型支原体(M.人)纵隔炎是一种罕见且严重的疾病,其病因诊断很重要,但具有挑战性。mNGS在纵隔炎病因诊断中的应用研究较少。
■通过搜索带有“人型支原体”和“纵隔炎”的电子病史检索系统,在中山医院对7例被诊断为人源纵隔炎的患者进行了检查,复旦大学,2020年12月9日至2023年2月14日上海。对血液进行微生物培养和mNGS,脓肿,和/或纵隔液。评估了由于mNGS引起的抗生素治疗的调整。从1970年开始,在PubMed数据库中对人源支原体感染和纵隔炎进行了文献综述。
■对于这7名患者,血的培养,脓肿,纵隔液为阴性,而mNGS在血清中鉴定了人源,脓肿,和/或纵隔液,并用于指导特定的抗生素治疗。属的严格映射读段数(SMRNG),严格的映射读数物种数(SMRN),体液(脓肿或纵隔液)中mNGS检测人型支原体的覆盖率明显高于血清。所有7名患者均患有潜在的心脏病,并曾接受过心脏手术。最常见的症状是发热和胸骨疼痛。在检测到人源M.除一名患者外,抗生素被调整为喹诺酮类或多西环素,他的诊断在死后得到了澄清。两名患者死亡。自1970年以来的文献综述确定了30例由人支原体引起的生殖器外感染。包括我们的七个新病例,新生儿2例(5.4%),成人35例(94.6%)。术后感染30例(81.1%),植入器械15例(40.5%)。5例患者(13.5%)死亡。
■mNGS可能是一种有前途的技术,用于检测诸如人源支原体的病原体。通过mNGS进行准确的病因诊断可以指导抗生素治疗并促进临床管理。
UNASSIGNED: As a culture-independent method, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is widely used in microbiological diagnosis with advantages in identifying potential pathogens, guiding antibiotic therapy, and improving clinical prognosis, especially in culture-negative cases. Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis)
mediastinitis is a rare and severe disease for which etiological diagnosis is important but challenging. The application of mNGS in the etiological diagnosis of
mediastinitis has seldom been studied.
UNASSIGNED: By searching the electronic medical history retrieval system with \"Mycoplasma hominis\" and \"
mediastinitis\", seven patients diagnosed with M. hominis
mediastinitis were reviewed in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai from 9 December 2020 to 14 February 2023. Microbiological cultures and mNGS were conducted for blood, abscess, and/or mediastinal fluid. Adjustment of the antibiotic therapy due to mNGS was assessed. A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database beginning in 1970 for M. hominis infection and
mediastinitis.
UNASSIGNED: For the seven patients, cultures of blood, abscess, and mediastinal fluid were negative whereas mNGS identified M. hominis in serum, abscess, and/or mediastinal fluid and was used to guide specific antibiotic therapy. The stringent mapped reads number of genera (SMRNG), stringent mapped reads number of species (SMRN), and coverage rate of M. hominis detection by mNGS were significantly higher in body fluid (abscess or mediastinal fluid) than in serum. All seven patients had underlying heart diseases and underwent previous cardiac surgery. The most common symptoms were fever and sternal pain. After detection of M. hominis, antibiotics were adjusted to quinolones or doxycycline except for one patient, whose diagnosis was clarified after death. Two patients died. Literature review since 1970 identified 30 cases of extra-genital infection caused by M. hominis. Including our seven new cases, 2 (5.4%) were neonates and 35 (94.6%) were adults. Thirty (81.1%) cases were postoperative infection and 15 (40.5%) had implanted devices. Five patients (13.5%) died.
UNASSIGNED: mNGS might be a promising technology in the detection of fastidious pathogens such as M. hominis. Accurate etiological diagnosis by mNGS could guide antibiotic therapy and facilitate clinical management.