目的:评估下颌管分叉(BMC)的存在,并通过将发现与性别相关联对这些变异进行分类,年龄和面部骨骼模式,进行了测量,包括高度,宽度,从分叉到解剖皮质骨的距离。
方法:在301例患者的锥形束CT检查中确定了BMC,并根据其来源进行了分类。location,方向,配置和结束。分叉前后MC的高度和宽度;BMC的高度和宽度;从BMC到肺泡的距离(C1),颊(C2),测量舌(C3)和基底(C4)骨皮质。所有数据都与性别相关,年龄,和面部骨骼模式(第一类,II,III).显著性水平为5%。
结果:在55例患者(18.28%)中发现67例BMC(22.26%)。分叉在女性中更为普遍(p=0.57),18-39岁(p=0.40),I类(p=0.77)。单分叉,位于下颌骨的后部,起源于MC,以上向和终止于磨牙孔后更普遍(p>0.05)。男性个体的平均皮质测量值较高,仅在C1处有显著差异(p=0.03)。BMC的平均高度和宽度分别为2.24(±0.62)和1.75(±0.45)mm。BMC分类与研究变量之间没有关联(p>0.05)。
结论:大约1/5的研究人群患有BMC。BMC的存在或特征与性别没有关联,年龄,和面部骨骼模式。在男性个体中,从分叉到肺泡(上)皮质骨的距离更大。
OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of mandibular canal bifurcation (BMC) and classify these variations by correlating findings with sex, age and facial skeletal pattern, measurements were made, including height, width, and distance from bifurcation to anatomical cortical bones.
METHODS: BMC was identified in cone beam CT exams of 301 patients and classified according to its origin, location, direction, configuration and ending. The height and width of the MC before and after the bifurcation; height and width of the BMC; and distance from BMC to alveolar (C1), buccal (C2), lingual (C3) and basal (C4) bone cortices were measured. All data were correlated with sex, age, and facial skeletal pattern (class I, II, III). The significance level was 5%.
RESULTS: 67 BMC (22.26%) were identified in 55 patients (18.28%). Bifurcations were more prevalent in females (p = 0.57), aged 18-39 years (p = 0.40), class I (p = 0.77). Single bifurcations, located in the posterior region of the mandible, originating in the MC, with a superior direction and ending in the retromolar foramen were more prevalent (p > 0.05). Mean cortical measurements were higher in male individuals, with significant differences only at C1 (p = 0.03). The mean height and width of BMC were 2.24 (± 0.62) and 1.75 (± 0.45) mm. There was no association between BMC classification and the variables studied (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 1/5 of the population studied had BMC. There were no associations of BMC presence or characteristics with sex, age, and facial skeletal pattern. The distance from bifurcation to alveolar (superior) cortical bone is greater in male individuals.