BACKGROUND: A logbook system is essential to ensure standardized competency in medical education. This survey will provide the first overview of our current logbook and can serve as an initial proposal for improvement to a more relevant and valuable tool to assess our postgraduate training programme.
METHODS: This survey was conducted among all Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) anaesthetic trainees. The data for this survey was collected by using Google Forms. A link to the form was distributed to all UKM anaesthetic trainees. The survey questionnaire consisted of five sections, demographic data, strengths and weaknesses of logbook content, evaluation of logbook usage experience, perception of the feedback received regarding the logbook performance, and potential improvements that can be made.
RESULTS: 107 anaesthetic trainees participated in this study. All of the sections in the logbook were deemed relevant by more than 60% of the trainees except for the on-call section which was seen as relevant only by 37.4% of them. 53.3% agreed that the logbook is useful for learning during the course. However, only 43.9% of them perceived that the logbook was easy and convenient to use. Only 59 respondents received feedback regarding their logbook performance. The analysis of open-ended answers highlights the necessity of transitioning to a fully digitalized logbook system for easy accessibility. It also reveals the need to re-evaluate specific logbook contents and incorporate additional teaching and learning tools to enhance the overall training process. Moreover, the findings emphasize the importance of effectively implementing feedback mechanisms within the logbook system to optimize student learning.
CONCLUSIONS: Serving as a foundational step towards developing a more efficient and structured educational tool, this research provides valuable insights for future advancements in medical education, particularly in anaesthesiology.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of self-assessed exposure (SAE) data collection for characterization of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) risks in water and wastewater management, challenging the adequacy of traditional random or campaign sampling strategies. We compared 3 datasets derived from distinct strategies: expert data with activity metadata (A), SAE without metadata (B), and SAE with logbook metadata (C). The findings reveal that standard practices of random sampling (dataset A) fail to capture the sporadic nature of H2S exposure. Instead, SAE methods enhanced by logbook metadata and supported by reliable detection and calibration infrastructure (datasets B and C) are more effective. When assessing risk, particularly peak exposure risks, it is crucial to adopt measures that capture exposure variability, such as the range and standard deviations. This finer assessment is vital where high H2S peaks occur in confined spaces. Risk assessment should incorporate indices that account for peak exposure, utilizing variability measures like range and standard or geometric standard deviation to reflect the actual risk more accurately. For large datasets, a histogram is just as useful as statistical measures. This approach has revealed that not only wastewater workers but also water distribution network workers, can face unexpectedly high H2S levels when accessing confined underground spaces. Our research underscores the need for continuous monitoring with personal electrochemical gas detector alarm systems, particularly in environments with variable and potentially hazardous exposure levels.

UNASSIGNED: Electronic logbook (E-Logbook) is one of the practical software in medical science that serves as an auxiliary tool for comprehensive education, formative evaluation, and student learning documentation in clinical education. E-logbooks are available to people on the Internet without any time or place restrictions. Experts\' familiarity with e-logbooks and their advantages and disadvantages can be effective in their better design so professors and students can use their potential benefits. Therefore, this study examines the advantages and disadvantages of an e-logbook.
UNASSIGNED: This systematic review was conducted until June 13, 2022, by searching relevant keywords such as logbook, e-logbook, and medical students in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Data were extracted using the data extraction form. The contents of the studies were analyzed based on the study\'s aim. The results of the analyses were presented in the form of descriptive statistics (tables and figures).
UNASSIGNED: Out of 365 retrieved studies, 13 were selected to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of e-logbooks. Most studies were conducted in Pakistan (n = 4) and focused on medical students with different specialties (n = 10). The advantages and disadvantages of e-logbooks were classified into nine and four categories, respectively. Most advantages of e-logbooks were related to monitoring and evaluating the performance of students and instructors (n = 11). Their most disadvantages were associated with hardware and software (n = 8).
UNASSIGNED: According to the results, e-logbooks can improve clinical education, provide feedback to people, control the achievement of educational goals, and increase professor-student interaction. Hence, it is recommended to address their disadvantages and barriers to improve the quality of students\' performance.

UNASSIGNED: Although digital maternity records (DMRs) have been evaluated in the past, no previous work investigated usability or acceptance through an observational usability study.
UNASSIGNED: The primary objective was to assess the usability and perception of a DMR smartphone app for pregnant women. The secondary objective was to assess personal preferences and habits related to online information searching, wearable data presentation and interpretation, at-home examination, and sharing data for research purposes during pregnancy.
UNASSIGNED: A DMR smartphone app was developed. Key features such as wearable device integration, study functionalities (eg, questionnaires), and common pregnancy app functionalities (eg, mood tracker) were included. Women who had previously given birth were invited to participate. Participants completed 10 tasks while asked to think aloud. Sessions were conducted via Zoom. Video, audio, and the shared screen were recorded for analysis. Task completion times, task success, errors, and self-reported (free text) feedback were evaluated. Usability was measured through the System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the secondary objective.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 11 participants (mean age 34.6, SD 2.2 years) were included in the study. A mean SUS score of 79.09 (SD 18.38) was achieved. The app was rated \"above average\" in 4 of 6 UEQ categories. Sixteen unique features were requested. We found that 5 of 11 participants would only use wearables during pregnancy if requested to by their physician, while 10 of 11 stated they would share their data for research purposes.
UNASSIGNED: Pregnant women rely on their medical caregivers for advice, including on the use of mobile and ubiquitous health technology. Clear benefits must be communicated if issuing wearable devices to pregnant women. Participants that experienced pregnancy complications in the past were overall more open toward the use of wearable devices in pregnancy. Pregnant women have different opinions regarding access to, interpretation of, and reactions to alerts based on wearable data. Future work should investigate personalized concepts covering these aspects.

UNASSIGNED: Supervised practice during the learner stage of graduated driver licensing is required in all U.S. states and some international jurisdictions. Several U.S. states require driving hours to be recorded in a paper logbook, making it susceptible to errors or falsification. A smartphone app that operates as an electronic logbook could serve as an alternative. The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of the logbook format (i.e., paper versus electronic) on self-reported driving behavior.
UNASSIGNED: Parent‒teen dyads were enrolled and assigned to electronic (n=147) and paper (n=131) logbook groups using a block design.
UNASSIGNED: This study was conducted in Maryland. Data were collected for 6 continuous months while teenagers held a learner permit between January 2020 and December 2021.
UNASSIGNED: Electronic logbook to measure practice driving.
UNASSIGNED: Self-reported driving between the electronic and paper logbook groups. For those using electronic logbooks, an agreement between self-reported trips and electronic logbook trips and perceptions of using an electronic logbook to measure driving.
UNASSIGNED: There were no statistically significant differences in any measures of self-reported practice driving by logbook type (electronic versus paper). Agreement between self-reported and electronic logbook‒recorded trips ranged between 68.6% and 79.0% (allowing a difference of 2 trips per week). User satisfaction with the electronic logbook was high, with 93.0% of teenagers and 91.9% of parents stating that they would recommend the app to a friend.
UNASSIGNED: An electronic logbook is a viable approach to measuring practice driving. Eventually, it could become part of a system where practice requirements are verified, allowing states to move toward performance-based graduated driver licensing.

The evaluation of general surgery residents\' operating room (OR)-training and technical skills progression may be difficult in the absence of a standardized evaluation tool. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of an electronic \"surgical logbook\" for general surgery residents.
A prospective single center study was conducted between May 2015 and October 2020. An electronic logbook was filled by all residents immediately after each surgical procedure and data were prospectively collected and analyzed.
Fifty-five students (34 men/21 women) reported their participation to 6917 surgical procedures, which corresponded to 55.5% of all procedures performed in our department. Residents performed the entire procedure as the operating surgeon in 28.5% of cases (n=1963), parts of the procedure as operating surgeon in 32.5% of cases (n=2230) and as operating-assistant in 38.5% (n=2672). Residents were more likely an operating surgeon for the entire procedure when they were assisted by a fellow or a practicing physician than an associate professor or a clinical professor (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the major morbidity rate between different resident\'s contribution to the procedure (P=0.14).
We present here a simple, useful and cost efficient tool which offers easy data collection and reporting that could help improve OR-training, OR-supervision and certification at a local or national level.

Following an ecological framework, the aim of this study was to highlight the way adolescents invested their time in opportunities to engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) according to whether they were profiled as more or less active. This study\'s innovation lies in the analysis of MVPA according to social occasions which are understood as opportunities to be active throughout the day (e.g. home, school, transport).
PA data measured by accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days were compiled, with adolescents\' social occasions during the week recorded in a daily digital diary (n = 135). The opportunity ratio of MVPA at each social time is the ratio between time spent in MVPA and the duration of a corresponding social occasion. Following the literature, participants were categorised into three profiles according to their reported amount of MVPA: HEPA active, minimally active and inactive. Non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank and Kruskal Wallis tests were performed to determine the relative intensity of PA performed at different social occasions, and to investigate whether intensities differed between adolescents with various activity profiles.
Results showed that engagement in MVPA at different social occasions differed according to participant profiles. Mismatch was noticed between the opportunity ratio and the duration of the most and least favorable social occasions for MVPA. For all three profiles, the social occasion \"physical education lesson\" revealed an opportunity ratio of MVPA (23.6% vs 17.0% vs 13.8%) significantly higher than the overall opportunity ratio of the week (6.9% vs 2.9% vs 1.2%), but of lower duration. Conversely, \"home\" (5.3% vs 0.0% vs 0.0%) and \"school\" (outside of PE time) (2.4% vs 0.0% vs 0.0%) represented the two least opportune social occasions for PA in an adolescent\'s week.
Rethinking engagement with MVPA in the context of temporal opportunities would allow potential ways to intervene within an educational supervised setting to help young people adopt a physically active lifestyle at the end of the key period of adolescence. These results reinforced the importance of context in interventions for PA promotion, opening for \"time education\" in people.

BACKGROUND: To reduce complications associated with central venous catheter (CVC) insertions, local accreditation programs using a supervised procedural logbook are essential. To increase compliance with such a logbook, a mobile app could provide the ideal platform for training doctors in an adult intensive care unit (ICU).
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to compare trainee compliance with the completion of a logbook as part of a CVC insertion accreditation program, before and after the introduction of an app-based logbook.
METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study of logbook data, before and after the introduction of a purpose-built, app-based, electronic logbook to complement an existing paper-based logbook. Carried out over a 2-year period in the adult ICU of the John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia, the participants were ICU trainee medical officers completing a CVC insertion accreditation program. The primary outcome was the proportion of all CVC insertions documented in the patients\' electronic medical records appearing as logbook entries. To assess logbook entry quality, we measured and compared the proportion of logbook entries that were approved by a supervisor and contained a supervisor\'s signature for the before and after periods. We also analyzed trainee participation before and after the intervention by comparing the total number of active logbook users, and the proportion of first-time users who logged 3 or more CVC insertions.
RESULTS: Of the 2987 CVC insertions documented in the electronic medical records between April 7, 2019, and April 6, 2021, 2161 (72%) were included and separated into cohorts before and after the app\'s introduction. Following the introduction of the app-based logbook, the percentage of CVC insertions appearing as logbook entries increased from 3.6% (38/1059) to 20.5% (226/1102; P<.001). There was no difference in the proportion of supervisor-approved entries containing a supervisor\'s signature before and after the introduction of the app, with 76.3% (29/38) and 83.2% (188/226), respectively (P=.31). After the introduction of the app, there was an increase in the percentage of active logbook users from 15.3% (13/85) to 62.8% (54/86; P<.001). Adherence to one\'s logbook was similar in both groups with 60% (6/10) of first-time users in the before group and 79.5% (31/39) in the after group going on to log at least 3 or more CVCs during their time working in ICU.
CONCLUSIONS: The addition of an electronic app-based logbook to a preexisting paper-based logbook was associated with a higher rate of logbook compliance in trainee doctors undertaking an accreditation program for CVC insertion in an adult ICU. There was a large increase in logbook use observed without a reduction in the quality of logbook entries. The overall trainee participation also improved with an observed increase in active logbook users and no reduction in the average number of entries per user following the introduction of the app. Further studies on app-based logbooks for ICU procedural accreditation programs are warranted.

With the first MBBS batch admitted under the new National Medical Commission (NMC) undergraduate curriculum entering pediatric clinical posting soon, creation of a Pediatric logbook in consonance with this competency-based curriculum was felt to be a need of the hour. No such document is yet available in the public domain. The logbook template, created after enormous brainstorming amongst authors, includes 176 Shows (S), Shows How (SH) and Perform (P) level competencies. These were further segregated into certifiable (23), affective domain (25) and clinic/field visits (9) leaving 51 as documentable competencies. The institutions may use this template to build their own institute-specific logbook based on the infrastructure, faculty strength, clinical patient load, student intake and preferred assessment method(s). It would also be worthwhile to integrate this with the internship logbook (and later the postgraduate one for students opting for post-graduation in pediatrics) to provide a longitudinal record of each student\'s trajectory of learning.

OBJECTIVE: A high-quality advanced training is a key factor for good and safe patient treatment. Germany is currently revising the advanced training curricula and logbooks aiming to change the training into a competence-based training. The aim of this study was to analyze the day to day reality of orthopedic and trauma surgery advanced training in Germany based on the elements of the advanced training.
METHODS: In March 2020 an online survey on advanced training was carried out with 44 questions on the topics of advanced training curriculum, logbook, educational resources, evaluation, authorized trainer and distribution of working time .
RESULTS: A total of 237 persons completed the survey, of which 208 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The respondents perceived a lack of clear standards in the advanced training curriculum and 25% did not receive structured learning resources in the form of simulations or courses. Mandatory annual process interviews were performed in only 58%. Most respondents valued the expertise of the trainers in orthopedic and trauma surgery, whereas they rated their competence in supervision and giving feedback as below average. Administrative work consumed 220 min of the daily working time and on average 60min remained per day for respondents to learn operative skills.
CONCLUSIONS: The survey revealed inconsistencies in the current advanced training curriculum and a lack of supervision and evaluation. The implementation of competence-based advanced training should therefore not only focus on a change of the curriculum but also on implementing competence-based training at all levels of training (learning resources, training, evaluation).
UNASSIGNED: HINTERGRUND UND FRAGESTELLUNG: Eine hochwertige Weiterbildung ist ein Schlüsselfaktor für gute und sichere Patienten- und Patientinnenversorgung. In Deutschland werden derzeit Weiterbildungsordnungen und Logbücher mit dem Ziel überarbeitet, die Weiterbildung in eine kompetenzbasierte Weiterbildung zu überführen. Ziel der Studie ist die Analyse der täglichen Realität der orthopädisch-chirurgischen Weiterbildung in Deutschland anhand der Elemente der Weiterbildung.
UNASSIGNED: Im März 2020 wurde eine Onlinebefragung von Weiterzubildenden mit 44 Fragen zu den Themen Weiterbildungsordnung, Logbuch, Bildungsressourcen, Evaluation, Weiterbildungsbefugte und Arbeitszeitverteilung durchgeführt.
UNASSIGNED: Insgesamt 237 Personen beantworteten die Umfrage, 208 erfüllten die Einschlusskriterien. Die Weiterzubildenden empfinden einen Mangel an klaren Standards in der Weiterbildungsordnung. 25 % der Weiterzubildenden erhalten keine strukturierten Lernressourcen wie beispielsweise Simulationen oder Kurse. Weiterbildungsgespräche werden in 58 % der Fälle durchgeführt. Die meisten Weiterzubildenden schätzen die Expertise ihrer Weiterbildenden in der Orthopädie/Unfallchirurgie, während sie deren Kompetenz in Supervision und Feedbackgeben als unterdurchschnittlich bewerten. Administratives Arbeiten umfasst 220 min der täglichen Arbeitszeit, im Schnitt verbleiben 60 min pro Tag und Weiterzubildenden, um operative Tätigkeiten zu erlernen.
UNASSIGNED: Die Studie deckt Inkonsistenzen mit der aktuellen Weiterbildungsordnung und ein Defizit an Supervision und Evaluation auf. Die Überführung in kompetenzbasierte Weiterbildung sollte daher nicht ausschließlich auf einer Anpassung der Weiterbildungsordnung beruhen, sondern auf allen Ebenen der Weiterbildung anvisiert werden (Lernressourcen Ausbildung der Weiterbildenden, Evaluation).