背景:提高谷类作物的遗传增益率将依赖于加速的作物育种管道,以允许快速交付改良的作物品种。辛苦的,耗时的传统育种周期,季节变化是制约育种者开发新品种的关键因素。为了解决这些问题,本研究提出了一种革命性的具有成本效益的快速育种协议,用于大规模的水稻种质开发。协议强调优化灌封材料,平衡有限营养剂量的双刃剑,应用的模式和阶段,植物密度,温度,湿度,湿度光谱,强度,光周期,和激素调节,加速水稻的生长发育。
结果:700株植物/m2的植物密度,具有成本效益的卤素管(B:G:R:FR-7.0:27.6:65.4:89.2),强度为〜750-800µmol/m2/s,在幼苗和营养期的光周期为13h光照和11h黑暗,在生殖期的8h光照和16h黑暗具有显着影响(P<0.05)耕种,并诱导早期开花。我们的结果证实,使用具有成本效益的SpeedyPaddy方案可以在68-75天内实现一代,从而在不同持续时间的水稻品种中每年产生4-5代。其他应用包括杂交,基于性状的表型,以及QTL/基因的定位。在SpeedyPaddy中运行15,680株植物的一个育种周期的估计成本为2941美元,其中包括一次性杂项成本,远低于先进的受控环境速度育种设施。
结论:该方案提供了一个有前途的具有成本效益的解决方案,每个育种周期平均节省2.0至2.6个月,并整合了基因组学辅助选择,基于性状的表型,QTL/基因的定位,标记发育可能加速品种发育和释放。这一突出的成本效益突破标志着水稻育种在应对气候变化和粮食安全方面的重大飞跃。
BACKGROUND: Improving the rate of genetic gain of cereal crop will rely on the accelerated crop breeding pipelines to allow rapid delivery of improved crop varieties. The laborious, time-consuming traditional breeding cycle, and the seasonal variations are the key factor restricting the breeder to develop new varieties. To address these issues, a revolutionized cost-effective speed breeding protocol for large-scale rice germplasm advancement is presented in the present study. The protocol emphasises on optimizing potting material, balancing the double-edged sword of limited nutritional dose, mode and stage of application, plant density, temperature, humidity, light spectrum, intensity, photoperiod, and hormonal regulation to accelerate rice growth and development.
RESULTS: The plant density of 700 plants/m2, cost-effective halogen tubes (B:G:R:FR-7.0:27.6:65.4:89.2) with an intensity of ∼ 750-800 µmol/m2/s and photoperiod of 13 h light and 11 h dark during seedling and vegetative stage and 8 h light and 16 h dark during reproductive stage had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on reducing the mean plant height, tillering, and inducing early flowering. Our results confirmed that one generation can be achieved within 68-75 days using the cost-effective SpeedyPaddy protocol resulting in 4-5 generations per year across different duration of rice varieties. The other applications include hybridization, trait-based phenotyping, and mapping of QTL/genes. The estimated cost to run one breeding cycle with plant capacity of 15,680 plants in SpeedyPaddy was $2941 including one-time miscellaneous cost which is much lower than the advanced controlled environment speed breeding facilities.
CONCLUSIONS: The protocol offers a promising cost-effective solution with average saving of 2.0 to 2.6 months per breeding cycle with an integration of genomics-assisted selection, trait-based phenotyping, mapping of QTL/genes, marker development may accelerate the varietal development and release. This outstanding cost-effective break-through marks a significant leap in rice breeding addressing climate change and food security.