灾难传播的一个关键部分是受害者界面中的媒体报道,媒体,和当局。沟通的关键之一是建立信任。灾难幸存者在高压力环境中遇到记者,但是对他们对这些互动和随后的媒体曝光的看法知之甚少。这项研究的目的是探索幸存者在重大灾难发生6年后如何看待他们与记者的相遇和在媒体上的接触,以及他们对媒体的信任程度,与政府和当局相比。数据来自对瑞典游客的纵向研究,从2004年印度洋海啸中遣返,海啸后6年进行了调查,以评估创伤后压力(PTS)及其对心理健康的影响。六年后,调查包括关于幸存者对记者互动的看法的问题(由n=311报告),他们自己的媒体曝光(n=177),和幸存者对媒体组织和公共当局的信任(n=1,181)。海啸幸存者主要认为与记者的互动是专业的。有14%的人报告相互作用是支持性的,而17%的人报告相互作用是菌株。同样,大多数参与者对随后的媒体报道或曝光持中立观点,尽管12%的人经历过媒体接触压力,12%的人报告说这是非自愿的。最后,与瑞典当局相比,幸存者对瑞典广播和电视表示更高的信心和信任,参与者对媒体的信任程度与他们对记者的看法有关,r=0.34,p<0.001,媒体报道,r=0.47,p<0.001。灾难幸存者主要同意关于与媒体互动的情感中立声明,记者在现场的表现,和自己的媒体曝光。尽管如此,大量的少数人发现接触和接触是负面的,结果表明,个人经历或看法与对媒体的信任之间存在联系。
A critical part of disaster communication is media coverage in the interface of the afflicted, media, and authorities. One communication key is building trust. Disaster survivors encounter
journalists in a high-stress context, but little is known about their perceptions of these interactions and the subsequent media exposure. The aim of this study is to explore how survivors 6 years after a major disaster perceived their encounters with
journalists and exposure in the media, as well as their level of trust in the media, compared with government and authorities. Data were used from a longitudinal study of Swedish tourists, repatriated from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, surveyed up to 6 years after the tsunami to assess posttraumatic stress (PTS) and effects on mental health. At 6 years after, the survey included questions about survivors\' perceptions of journalist interactions (reported by n = 311), of their own media exposure (n = 177), and survivors\' trust in media organizations and public authorities (n = 1,181). Tsunami survivors mainly perceived interactions with
journalists as being professional. There were 14% who reported that the interactions were supportive and 17% that the interactions were a strain. Similarly, most participants had a neutral view concerning the subsequent media coverage or exposure, although 12% experienced media exposure as stressful and 12% reported that it had been involuntary. Finally, the survivors indicated higher confidence and trust in Swedish radio and TV as compared to the Swedish authorities, and the participants\' level of trust in the media was associated with their perceptions of
journalists, r = 0.34, p < 0.001, and media coverage, r = 0.47, p < 0.001. Disaster survivors mainly agreed with emotionally neutral statements about interacting with the media, the performance of
journalists on site, and their own media exposure. Nonetheless, a substantial minority found the encounters and exposure to be negative, and the results suggest a link between personal experiences or perceptions and trust in the media.