植入式生物传感器已经发展成为个性化医疗保健的尖端技术,并为精准医学的未来发展方向提供了希望。这就是为什么这些设备将彻底改变我们的健康和疾病管理方法,并以前所未有的方式提供对我们身体功能的见解。这篇综述文章试图深入研究重要的发展,新材料,这些生物传感器的各种应用,并就这些设备在临床部署中将面临的挑战进行了坦率的讨论。此外,已被用于提高灵敏度和特异性的生物传感器的技术都集中在这篇文章中,比如新的生物标志物和先进的计算和数据通信模型。小型化原位植入物的一个重要挑战是它们需要在达到其目的之后被移除。手术驱逐会给患者带来不适,可能导致术后并发症。因此,植入物的生物降解性是通过自然生物过程去除的替代方法。这包括生物相容性材料,以开发传感器,这些传感器在更长的时间内保留在体内,具有大大降低的免疫反应和更好的设备寿命。然而,与传统的不可生物降解传感器相比,可植入传感器的生物降解性仍处于起步阶段。传感器设计,形态学,fabrication,电源,电子,和数据传输都在开发医学批准的可植入可生物降解生物传感器方面发挥着关键作用。先进的材料科学和纳米技术扩展了不同研究小组的能力,以实施新的行动方案来设计可植入和可生物降解的传感器组件。但是,实现卫生部门变革性的这种潜力,首先,将不得不克服与生物污染相关的挑战,管理电源,保障数据安全,并遵守今天的规章制度。解决这些问题,因此,不仅提高了可植入可生物降解生物传感器的性能和可靠性,而且还促进了实验室发展转化为诊所,为世界各地的患者提供更好的疾病管理和个性化治疗干预措施。
Implantable biosensors have evolved to the cutting-edge technology of personalized health care and provide promise for future directions in precision medicine. This is the reason why these devices stand to revolutionize our approach to health and disease management and offer insights into our bodily functions in ways that have never been possible before. This review article tries to delve into the important developments, new materials, and multifarious applications of these biosensors, along with a frank discussion on the challenges that the devices will face in their clinical deployment. In addition, techniques that have been employed for the improvement of the sensitivity and specificity of the biosensors alike are focused on in this article, like new biomarkers and advanced computational and data communicational models. A significant challenge of miniaturized in situ implants is that they need to be removed after serving their purpose. Surgical expulsion provokes discomfort to patients, potentially leading to post-operative complications. Therefore, the biodegradability of implants is an alternative method for removal through natural biological processes. This includes biocompatible materials to develop sensors that remain in the body over longer periods with a much-reduced immune response and better device longevity. However, the biodegradability of
implantable sensors is still in its infancy compared to conventional non-biodegradable ones. Sensor design, morphology, fabrication, power, electronics, and data transmission all play a pivotal role in developing medically approved
implantable biodegradable biosensors. Advanced material science and nanotechnology extended the capacity of different research groups to implement novel courses of action to design
implantable and biodegradable sensor components. But the actualization of such potential for the transformative nature of the health sector, in the first place, will have to surmount the challenges related to biofouling, managing power, guaranteeing data security, and meeting today\'s rules and regulations. Solving these problems will, therefore, not only enhance the performance and reliability of
implantable biodegradable biosensors but also facilitate the translation of laboratory development into clinics, serving patients worldwide in their better disease management and personalized therapeutic interventions.