反应性物种在生理功能中起重要作用。反应性物种的过度生产,特别是活性氧(ROS)和氮(RNS)物种随着身体的抗氧化酶系统的平衡失败导致细胞结构的破坏,脂质,蛋白质,和遗传物质,如DNA和RNA。此外,反应性物种对线粒体及其代谢过程的影响最终导致ROS/RNS水平升高,导致线粒体蛋白质氧化,脂质,和DNA。氧化应激被认为与许多疾病的病因有关,包括神经退行性疾病(NDD),如阿尔茨海默病,肌萎缩侧索硬化,弗里德赖希的共济失调,亨廷顿病,多发性硬化症,和帕金森病。此外,引起蛋白质错误折叠的氧化应激可能转向其他NDD,包括克雅氏病,牛海绵状脑病,库鲁,Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker综合征,和致命的家族性失眠。本文综述了氧化应激和线粒体功能障碍相关的NDDs。
Reactive species play an important role in physiological functions. Overproduction of reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species along with the failure of balance by the body\'s antioxidant enzyme systems results in destruction of cellular structures, lipids, proteins, and genetic materials such as DNA and RNA. Moreover, the effects of reactive species on mitochondria and their metabolic processes eventually cause a rise in ROS/RNS levels, leading to oxidation of mitochondrial proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress has been considered to be linked to the etiology of many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich\'s ataxia, Huntington\'s disease, Multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson\'s diseases. In addition, oxidative stress causing protein misfold may turn to other NDDs include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, and Fatal Familial Insomnia. An overview of the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked NDDs has been summarized in this review.