■了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)护理级联对于确定何时何地进行干预以改善COPD预后至关重要。我们旨在确定在中国卫生系统中寻求COPD护理的患者在COPD护理级联的每个阶段中失联的比例,以及失联模式在不同地理区域和人群中的差异。
■从2018年11月3日到2021年4月22日,我们使用了来自全国中国“快乐呼吸”计划的个人水平患者数据,旨在识别COPD患者并提供适当的护理。COPD定义为支气管扩张剂后1s用力呼气量与用力肺活量之比(FEV1/FVC)<0.70。我们计算了个人的比例,在参加“快乐呼吸”计划时,(I)曾接受肺功能检查,(ii)过去曾被诊断患有慢性阻塞性肺病,(iii)目前正在接受COPD治疗,和(iv)已实现COPD的控制。我们使用多级回归检查了达到护理级联的每个阶段与个体患者特征以及区域一级的经济发展和卫生系统中可用资源之间的关联。
■在“快乐呼吸”计划中的29,201名COPD患者中,41.0%(95%置信区间[CI]:40.4-41.6%)曾进行过COPD测试,17.6%(95%CI:17.1-18.0%)曾被诊断为COPD,8.5%(95%CI:8.2-8.8%)目前正在接受COPD治疗,4.6%(95%CI:4.3-4.8%)的患者在前一年有轻度或无加重,3.9%(95%CI:3.7-4.2%)的患者在前一年没有出现恶化.平均而言,住在北京城市的病人,武汉,与居住在大庆和洛阳的患者相比,银川市在COPD护理级联方面取得了进一步的进步。使用多层次回归,我们发现年轻的时候,农村住宅,低地区人均GDP与COPD护理级联各阶段损失较大显著相关.
■在中国卫生系统中,在COPD护理级联的每个阶段,大部分COPD患者都失去了。最大的损失发生在级联的初始阶段,当诊断首次出现时。需要新的政策和干预措施来加强COPD护理,尤其是筛查和诊断,在中国卫生系统中减少这种巨大的疾病负担。
■这项工作得到了国家自然科学基金重大项目(82090011)的支持,CAMS医学科学创新基金(CIFMS)(2021-I2M-1-049),和地平线欧洲(HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01;项目编号101086139-PoPMeD-SuSDeV)。结核病得到了亚历山大·冯·洪堡基金会通过亚历山大·冯·洪堡教授奖的支持。
UNASSIGNED: Understanding the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care cascade is crucial for identifying where and when to intervene to improve COPD outcomes. We aimed to determine the proportion of patients with COPD seeking care in China\'s health system who are lost at each stage of the COPD care cascade and how the patterns of loss vary across geographical regions and population groups.
UNASSIGNED: From November 3, 2018, to April 22, 2021, we used individual-level patient data from the national Chinese \'Happy Breathing\' Programme, which aims to identify patients with COPD and provide appropriate care. COPD was defined as a post-bronchodilator ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) <0.70. We calculated the proportions of individuals who, at enrolment into the \'Happy Breathing\' Programme, (i) had ever undergone a pulmonary function test, (ii) had been diagnosed with COPD in the past, (iii) were currently on treatment for COPD, and (iv) had achieved control of their COPD. We examined the association between reaching each stage of the care cascade and individual patient characteristics as well as regional-level economic development and available resources in the health system using multilevel regression.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 29,201 patients with COPD in the \'Happy Breathing\' Programme, 41.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.4-41.6%) had ever been tested for COPD, 17.6% (95% CI: 17.1-18.0%) had previously been diagnosed with COPD, 8.5% (95% CI: 8.2-8.8%) were currently on treatment for COPD, 4.6% (95% CI: 4.3-4.8%) of patients had mild or no exacerbations in the prior year, and 3.9% (95% CI: 3.7-4.2%) of patients had suffered no exacerbations in the prior year. On average, patients living in the cities of Beijing, Wuhan, and Yinchuan had progressed further along the COPD care cascade than patients living in Daqing and Luoyang. Using multilevel regression, we found that young age, rural residence, and low regional per-capita GDP were significantly associated with larger losses at each stage of the COPD care cascade.
UNASSIGNED: Substantial proportions of patients with COPD are lost at each stage of the COPD care cascade in the Chinese health system. The largest losses occur during the initial stages of the cascade, when diagnosis first occurs. New policies and interventions are required to boost COPD care, especially screening and diagnosis, in the Chinese health system to reduce this large disease burden.
UNASSIGNED: This work was supported by Major Programme of National Natural Science Foundation of China (82090011), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) (2021-I2M-1-049), and Horizon Europe (HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01; project number 101086139-PoPMeD-SuSDeV). TB was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt professorship award.