背景:口臭(口臭)是影响年轻人心理社会福祉的常见问题。我们旨在探讨达卡大学生自我感知口臭的程度和相关因素。孟加拉国。
方法:从2021年11月至2022年4月在大学生中进行了一项横断面研究。接触了六所私立大学和两所公立大学。总共318名参与者被方便地选择用于研究。使用自我管理的问卷进行数据收集。不愿意参加的学生被排除在外。多变量logistic回归分析用于检查与口臭相关的因素。使用Stata版本17进行统计分析。
结果:共有55.97%的学生有自感口臭,女性(74.53%)的比例明显高于男性(36.94%)(p<0.001)。在超重的参与者中发现口臭的比例明显更高(61%),有肥胖(60.77%),烟熏香烟(46.79%),饮酒(71.43%),缺乏锻炼(66.29%),饮食不健康(57.35%),饮用咖啡/茶(61.35%),通过嘴呼吸(64.60%),经常刷牙(85.71%),6个月后更换牙刷(77.42%),没有使用牙膏(94.74%),未使用/有时使用含氟牙膏(75.76%),缺乏牙线使用(60.85%),没有使用牙签(62.87%),确实咀嚼或有时咀嚼无糖口香糖(75.82%),有时不清洁/清洁舌头(76.14%),定期或偶尔使用口腔清新剂(64.97%),有时不使用或使用漱口水(58.87%)也与较高的自我感觉口臭有关(全部p<0.05)。学生牙龈出血,牙龈肿胀,口干,龋齿,食物积累,和牙齿敏感有一个显着的(p<0.05)更高的比例自我感知口臭(76.85%,81.82%,72.50%,67.78%,64.13%和67.40%,分别)与没有这个问题的人相比。女性(OR=5.04;95%CI:2.01-12.62;p<0.001),酒精消费者(OR7.35;95%CI:1.77-30.50;p=0.006);不使用无糖口香糖(OR=0.25;95%CI:0.10-0.58;p=0.001),缺乏舌头清洁(OR4.62;95%CI:2.16-9.84;p<0.001),和牙龈出血(OR=7.43;95%CI:3.00-18.35;p<0.001)与口臭独立相关。
结论:本研究揭示了高比例的自我感知口臭和相关因素。应该对口臭的原因和潜在的管理方法进行更多的公众教育。
BACKGROUND: Bad breath (
halitosis) is a common problem affecting psycho-social wellbeing of young people. We aimed to explore the extent of self-perceived
halitosis and associated factors among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from November 2021 to April 2022. Six private and two public universities were approached. A total of 318 participants were conveniently selected for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Students unwilling to participate were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with
halitosis. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata Version 17.
RESULTS: A total of 55.97% of students had self-perceived
halitosis, with females (74.53%) having a significantly higher proportion than males (36.94%) (p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of
halitosis was found among participants who were overweight ( 61%), had obesity (60.77%), smoked cigarette (46.79%), consumed alcohol (71.43%), lacked exercise (66.29%), were on unhealthy diet (57.35%), consumed coffee/tea (61.35%), breathed through mouth (64.60%), brushed tooth infrequently (85.71%), changed toothbrush after 6 months (77.42%), did not use toothpaste (94.74%), did not use/ sometimes used fluoride toothpaste (75.76%), lacked dental floss use (60.85%), did not use toothpick (62.87%), did chew or sometimes chewed sugar-free chewing gum (75.82%), did not clear / cleaned tongue sometimes (76.14%), did use mouth freshener regularly or occasionally (64.97%), did not use or used mouthwash sometimes (58.87%) were also associated with higher self-perceived halitosis (p < 0.05 for all). Students with gum bleeding, swollen gums, dry mouth, dental caries, food accumulation, and tooth sensitivity had a significantly (p < 0.05 for all) higher proportion of self-perceived halitosis (76.85%, 81.82%, 72.50%, 67.78%, 64.13% and 67.40%, respectively) compared to those without this problem. Being female (OR = 5.04; 95% CI: 2.01-12.62; p < 0.001), alcohol consumers (OR 7.35; 95% CI: 1.77-30.50; p = 0.006); not using sugar free chewing gum (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.10-0.58; p = 0.001), lack of tongue cleaning (OR 4.62; 95% CI: 2.16-9.84; p < 0.001), and gum bleeding (OR = 7.43; 95% CI: 3.00-18.35; p < 0.001) were independently associated with halitosis on multivariable regression.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a high proportion of self-perceived halitosis and relevant factors. There should be more public education on the causes of halitosis and potential management approaches.