背景:土耳其关于职业性过敏性接触性皮炎(OACD)的数据有限。
目的:调查土耳其OACD的流行病学特征。
方法:1996年至2019年在伊斯坦布尔医学院皮肤科过敏科进行的2801例连续斑贴测试的患者中,对294例OACD患者进行了回顾性队列研究。
结果:OACD的总体患病率为10.5%,显示男性占主导地位。OACD最常见于建筑工人(45.2%),其次是理发师,金属工人,医护人员,和杂项。主要相关过敏原是水泥中的铬,橡胶手套里的秋兰姆,美发化学品,树脂/胶水/塑料,金属,异噻唑啉酮类,和香水。双手是主要涉及的地点(95.6%)。观察到空气中的湿疹占21.4%。手部和足部湿疹以及对铬和秋兰姆以及铬和钴的共敏感与成为建筑工人显着相关。室内画家对异噻唑啉酮的敏感性,过硫酸铵和对苯二胺在美发师,和松香在2010年后增加。
结论:这是土耳其关于OACD的最大一组数据,反映了橡胶手套过敏在所有职业中的重要性,以及理发师中过硫酸铵过敏的惊人增加。铬和钴仍然是土耳其主要的水泥过敏原,水泥指令尚未生效。
BACKGROUND: Limited data exist on occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) in Turkey.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiologic profile of OACD in Turkey.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study on 294 patients with OACD among 2801 consecutively patch-tested patients in the Allergy Unit of the Dermatology Department of İstanbul Faculty of Medicine between 1996 and 2019.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of OACD was 10.5%, showing a male predominance. OACD was most frequently seen in construction workers (45.2%), followed by hairdressers, metalworkers, health care workers, and miscellaneous. The main relevant allergens were chromium in cement, thiurams in rubber gloves, hairdressing chemicals, resins/glues/plastics, metals, isothiazolinones, and fragrances. Hands were the mainly involved site (95.6%). Airborne eczema was observed in 21.4%. Hand and foot eczema and co-sensitizations to chrome and thiuram and chrome and cobalt were significantly associated with being a construction worker. Sensitizations to isothiazolinones in house painters, ammonium persulfate and p-phenylenediamine in hairdressers, and colophonium increased after 2010.
CONCLUSIONS: This was the largest group of data on OACD from Turkey, reflecting the importance of rubber glove allergy in all occupations and the striking increase in ammonium persulfate allergy among hairdressers. Chrome and cobalt were still the main cement allergens in Turkey, where the cement directive is not yet in force.