PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Nickel and cobalt were not regarded as pertinent contact allergens in the hairdressing trade for the last decades. It was even stated that the relevance of nickel allergy in the hairdressing trade has been overestimated for several years. Recently, nickel and cobalt release from a multitude of metal tools in the German hairdressing trade was documented in two field studies.
METHODS: Review of two field studies.
RESULTS: In 2019, nickel release from 9.2% of 229 tested metallic hairdressing tools was evidenced, and in 2021, nickel release from 27.6% as well as cobalt release from 2.1% of 475 tested tools was detected in overall 30 North German hairdressing salons. Tweezers, sectioning clips, hair clips, and straight razors were identified as nickel as well as cobalt releasing tools. Crochet hooks and tail combs were identified as only nickel releasing tools.
CONCLUSIONS: A variety of metallic tools - which are used daily by hairdressers - release nickel and/or cobalt in allergologically relevant amounts. This circumstance has to be considered problematic with regard to the development of work-related allergic contact dermatitis. Thus, nickel and cobalt should possibly receive greater attention as potential contact allergens in the hairdressing trade.
CONCLUSIONS: The proven nickel and cobalt release from metallic hairdressing tools might entail legal ramifications in terms of insurance law. In case of nickel and cobalt allergies within the occupational group of hairdressers, metal tools might be considered as feasible sources for nickel and cobalt exposure.
METHODS: Review of two field studies.
RESULTS: In 2019, nickel release from 9.2% of 229 tested metallic hairdressing tools was evidenced, and in 2021, nickel release from 27.6% as well as cobalt release from 2.1% of 475 tested tools was detected in overall 30 North German hairdressing salons. Tweezers, sectioning clips, hair clips, and straight razors were identified as nickel as well as cobalt releasing tools. Crochet hooks and tail combs were identified as only nickel releasing tools.
CONCLUSIONS: A variety of metallic tools - which are used daily by hairdressers - release nickel and/or cobalt in allergologically relevant amounts. This circumstance has to be considered problematic with regard to the development of work-related allergic contact dermatitis. Thus, nickel and cobalt should possibly receive greater attention as potential contact allergens in the hairdressing trade.
CONCLUSIONS: The proven nickel and cobalt release from metallic hairdressing tools might entail legal ramifications in terms of insurance law. In case of nickel and cobalt allergies within the occupational group of hairdressers, metal tools might be considered as feasible sources for nickel and cobalt exposure.
摘要：
背景：在过去的几十年中，镍和钴在美发行业中不被视为相关的接触过敏原。甚至有人指出，镍过敏在美发行业中的相关性已经被高估了几年。最近,在德国美发行业中，多种金属工具中的镍和钴释放在两项实地研究中得到了记录。
方法：两项实地研究综述。
结果：在2019年，有证据表明，在229个测试的金属美发工具中，镍释放量为9.2％，2021年，在总共30家北德美发沙龙中，475种测试工具中的镍释放量为27.6%，钴释放量为2.1%。镊子,剖分夹,发夹,和直剃刀被确定为镍和钴释放工具。钩针钩和尾梳仅被确定为镍释放工具。
结论：美发师每天使用的各种金属工具释放出与过敏相关的镍和/或钴。对于与工作相关的过敏性接触性皮炎的发展，这种情况必须被认为是有问题的。因此，镍和钴作为美发行业中潜在的接触过敏原，可能会受到更多关注。
结论：金属美发工具中已证实的镍和钴释放可能会引起保险法方面的法律后果。在美发师职业组中的镍和钴过敏的情况下，金属工具可能被认为是镍和钴暴露的可行来源。
方法：两项实地研究综述。
结果：在2019年，有证据表明，在229个测试的金属美发工具中，镍释放量为9.2％，2021年，在总共30家北德美发沙龙中，475种测试工具中的镍释放量为27.6%，钴释放量为2.1%。镊子,剖分夹,发夹,和直剃刀被确定为镍和钴释放工具。钩针钩和尾梳仅被确定为镍释放工具。
结论：美发师每天使用的各种金属工具释放出与过敏相关的镍和/或钴。对于与工作相关的过敏性接触性皮炎的发展，这种情况必须被认为是有问题的。因此，镍和钴作为美发行业中潜在的接触过敏原，可能会受到更多关注。
结论：金属美发工具中已证实的镍和钴释放可能会引起保险法方面的法律后果。在美发师职业组中的镍和钴过敏的情况下，金属工具可能被认为是镍和钴暴露的可行来源。
