■有机磷酸酯(OPEs),在消费品中广泛用作阻燃剂和增塑剂,怀疑有发育毒性.
■我们的研究旨在评估产前暴露于OPEs与胎儿生长之间的关联,包括超声波(头围,腹围,股骨长度,和估计的胎儿体重)和分娩[出生体重z评分,小于胎龄(SGA),和大胎龄(LGA)]生长测量。
■在LIFECODES胎儿生长研究(2008-2018)中,一个由900名出生在生长谱的小末端和大末端的婴儿组成的丰富病例队列,我们对每个妊娠参与者3份尿液样本中的OPE生物标志物进行了量化,并从医疗记录中提取了胎儿生长的超声和分娩指标.我们使用线性混合效应模型估计了妊娠平均对数转换的OPE生物标志物与胎儿生长的重复超声测量之间的关联。使用线性(出生体重)和逻辑(SGA和LGA)回归模型对胎儿生长进行分娩测量。
■大多数OPE生物标志物与至少一种胎儿生长的超声测量呈正相关,但与交付措施的关联在很大程度上是无效的。例如,二(2-氯乙基)磷酸浓度的四分位数间距(IQR;1.31ng/mL)增加与头围中更大的z评分相关[平均差(差异):0.09;95%置信区间(CI):0.01,0.17],腹围(差异:0.10;95%CI:0.02,0.18),股骨长度(差异:0.11;95%CI:0.03,0.19),和估计的胎儿体重(差异:0.13;95%CI:0.04,0.22),但不是出生体重(差异:0.04;95%CI:-0.08,0.17)。交货时,磷酸二苯酯(DPHP)浓度IQR(1.00ng/mL)升高与SGA出生相关(比值比:1.46;95%CI:1.10,1.94).
■在一个大型前瞻性队列中,妊娠OPE暴露与怀孕期间更大的胎儿大小有关,但交付时的关联为空。DPHP浓度与SGA出生风险增加相关。这些发现表明OPE暴露可能会影响胎儿发育。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14647.
UNASSIGNED: Organophosphate esters (OPEs), used ubiquitously as flame retardants and plasticizers in consumer products, are suspected of having developmental toxicity.
UNASSIGNED: Our study aimed to estimate associations between prenatal exposure to OPEs and fetal growth, including both ultrasound (head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and estimated fetal weight) and delivery [birth weight z-score, small-for-gestational age (SGA), and large-for-gestational age (LGA)] measures of growth.
UNASSIGNED: In the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study (2008-2018), an enriched case-cohort of 900 babies born at the small and large ends of the growth spectrum, we quantified OPE biomarkers in three urine samples per pregnant participant and abstracted ultrasound and delivery measures of fetal growth from medical records. We estimated associations between pregnancy-averaged log-transformed OPE biomarkers and repeated ultrasound measures of fetal growth using linear mixed-effects models, and delivery measures of fetal growth using linear (birth weight) and logistic (SGA and LGA) regression models.
UNASSIGNED: Most OPE biomarkers were positively associated with at least one ultrasound measure of fetal growth, but associations with delivery measures were largely null. For example, an interquartile range (IQR; 1.31 ng/mL) increase in bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate concentration was associated with larger z-scores in head circumference [mean difference (difference): 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.17], abdominal circumference (difference: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.18), femur length (difference: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19), and estimated fetal weight (difference: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22) but not birth weight (difference: 0.04; 95% CI: -0.08, 0.17). At delivery, an IQR (1.00 ng/mL) increase in diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) concentration was associated with an SGA birth (odds ratio: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.94).
UNASSIGNED: In a large prospective cohort, gestational OPE exposures were associated with larger fetal size during pregnancy, but associations at delivery were null. DPHP concentrations were associated with heightened risk of an SGA birth. These findings suggest that OPE exposure may affect fetal development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14647.