extrapulmonary legionella

肺外军团菌
  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    军团菌病是由嗜肺军团菌引起的非典型肺炎。军团菌物种在淡水来源中发现,并通过吸入受污染的气溶胶传播。通常出现发烧的患者,发冷,还有咳嗽.然而,在免疫抑制患者或严重病例中,这种疾病会导致多器官衰竭。近年来,军团病的发病率急剧增加,不幸的是通常诊断不足。金标准诊断是通过痰培养;然而,尿军团菌抗原仍然是最常用的诊断方法。目标导向护理包括抗生素和支持性护理。该病例突出了军团病的罕见和独特表现,表现为2:1天冬氨酸转氨酶升高至丙氨酸转氨酶模式。通常见于酒精性肝炎。
    Legionnaires\' disease is an atypical pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. Legionella species are found in freshwater sources and are transmitted through inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Patients commonly present with fever, chills, and cough. However, in immunosuppressed patients or severe cases, the disease can lead to multiorgan failure. In recent years, the incidence of Legionnaires\' disease has drastically increased and unfortunately is commonly underdiagnosed. Gold-standard diagnosis is made through sputum cultures; however, urine Legionella antigen remains the most common test used for diagnosis. Goal-directed care includes antibiotics and supportive care. This case highlights a rare and unique presentation of Legionnaires\' disease presenting with an elevated 2:1 aspartate aminotransferase to alanine transaminase pattern, typically seen with alcoholic hepatitis.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    由嗜肺军团菌引起的军团病,被认为是非典型肺炎的一种。这种疾病通常表现为呼吸困难,咳嗽,发烧,肌肉疼痛,头痛,恶心,和呕吐。也存在具有流感样疾病的较温和形式的疾病(庞蒂亚克热)。除了肺部感染,肺外表现可能包括脓毒症,横纹肌溶解症,神经损伤,肾,和肝损伤。心肌炎可视为军团病的罕见并发症。这里,我们正在介绍一例与心肌炎相关的军团病病例,该病例没有严重疾病的易感危险因素。
    Legionnaires\' disease caused by the bacteria Legionella pneumophila, is considered a type of atypical pneumonia. The disease usually presents with dyspnea, cough, fever, muscle aches, headache, nausea, and vomiting. A milder form of the disease (Pontiac fever) with flu-like illness also exists. In addition to lung infection, extrapulmonary manifestations might occur including sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, neurological impairment, kidney, and liver damage. Myocarditis can be seen as a rare complication in Legionnaires\' disease. Here, we are presenting a case of Legionnaires\' disease associated with myocarditis in a patient with no predisposing risk factors for severe illness.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    虽然军团病主要影响肺部,它也可以与其他系统参与一起出现,包括罕见的心脏表现.公认的表现是心内膜炎,心肌炎,心包炎,和心包积液.一名72岁的英国男子在COVID-19大流行高峰期出现了6天的干咳病史和4天的发热病史。他的心电图显示MobitzII型房室传导阻滞。虽然所有的文化都是负面的,胸部X线检查显示COVID-19感染样特征。具有较高的临床怀疑和胸部X线特征,COVID检测的聚合酶链反应重复3次,均为阴性.他的尿军团菌抗原呈阳性,用阿莫西林/克拉维酸治疗后,他的心动过缓和心脏传导阻滞有所改善,还有克拉霉素.心电图显示MobitzII型,植入了永久性起搏器。随访起搏器检查显示他仍然需要主动起搏。
    Although Legionnaires\' disease mainly affects the lungs, it can also present with other systemic involvement, including rare cardiac manifestations. Recognised presentations are endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, and pericardial effusion. A 72-year-old British man presented with a six-day history of dry cough and a four-day history of fever during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. His electrocardiogram showed Mobitz type II atrio-ventricular block. Although all the cultures were negative, the chest X-ray demonstrated COVID-19 infection-like features. With high clinical suspicions and chest X-ray features, the polymerase chain reaction of the COVID tests was repeated three times and all were negative. He had a positive urinary Legionella antigen, and his bradycardia and heart block improved after treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and clarithromycin. As the electrocardiogram showed Mobitz type II, a permanent pacemaker was implanted. The follow-up pacemaker check showed that he still required active pacing.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    军团菌以引起肺炎而闻名。然而,它是一种全身性疾病,可直接导致严重的多器官损伤,有时被称为“肺外军团菌”。\"在这种情况下,报告,一个相当健康的80岁男性被发现患有军团菌肺炎并发横纹肌溶解症,严重,非少尿型急性肾损伤,尿毒症脑病,转胺炎,和小脑功能障碍.阿奇霉素14天疗程,并迅速开始透析,患者的肺炎和全身后遗症得到改善。此病例证明了在鉴别诊断患有社区获得性肺炎和多器官功能障碍的患者中考虑军团菌的重要性。及时的诊断和治疗可以降低与这种疾病后遗症相关的死亡率。
    Legionella is most known for causing pneumonia. However, it is a systemic disease that can directly cause severe multi-organ injury in what is sometimes referred to as \"extrapulmonary Legionella.\" In this case report, a reasonably healthy 80-year-old man is found to have Legionella pneumonia complicated by rhabdomyolysis with acute, severe, non-oliguric acute kidney injury, uremic encephalopathy, transaminitis, and cerebellar dysfunction. With a 14-day course of azithromycin and prompt initiation of dialysis, the patient\'s pneumonia and systemic sequelae improved. This case demonstrates the importance of considering Legionella in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with community-acquired pneumonia and multi-organ dysfunction. Prompt diagnosis and management may decrease mortality associated with this disease sequela.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    Legionnaires\' disease may present with a broad spectrum of illnesses and nonspecific extrapulmonary symptoms including diarrhea. To our knowledge, bowel obstruction has not been reported as a manifestation of Legionella. We present a unique case of Legionnaires\' disease contributing to a small bowel obstruction.
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