蛋白质的PTM(翻译后修饰)促进响应于各种环境刺激的蛋白质功能的快速调节。EIN2(乙烯不敏感2)蛋白是乙烯信号通路的核心调控。最近的研究结果表明,PTM,包括蛋白质磷酸化,泛素化,和糖基化,治理EIN2贩运,亚细胞定位,稳定性,和生理角色。对EIN2中多个PTM的认知强调了蛋白质的严格调控。因此,对PTM在EIN2功能中的调节作用进行全面审查将提高我们对EIN2介导的信号通路的调节机制和各种生理过程的深刻理解。这篇综述讨论了进化,功能,植物中EIN2蛋白的结构和特征。此外,本文综述了蛋白质泛素化的研究进展,磷酸化,在调节EIN2功能中的O-糖基化,以及未解决的问题和未来的前景。
PTMs (Post-Translational Modifications) of proteins facilitate rapid modulation of protein function in response to various environmental stimuli. The EIN2 (Ethylene Insensitive 2) protein is a core regulatory of the ethylene signaling pathway. Recent findings have demonstrated that PTMs, including protein phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and glycosylation, govern EIN2 trafficking, subcellular localization, stability, and physiological roles. The cognition of multiple PTMs in EIN2 underscores the stringent regulation of protein. Consequently, a thorough review of the regulatory role of PTMs in EIN2 functions will improve our profound comprehension of the regulation mechanism and various physiological processes of EIN2-mediated signaling pathways. This review discusses the evolution, functions, structure and characteristics of EIN2 protein in plants. Additionally, this review sheds light on the progress of protein ubiquitination, phosphorylation, O-Glycosylation in the regulation of EIN2 functions, and the unresolved questions and future perspectives.