背景:耳鸣的病理生理学尚未完全了解。尽管有大量证据表明交通噪声暴露与非听觉健康结果相关,没有证据表明噪声烦恼对耳鸣等听觉障碍的影响。
目标:因此,我们旨在调查一般人群中由于不同来源引起的噪声烦恼与耳鸣和困扰之间的关系。
方法:使用了来自大型德国人群队列的6813名参与者的数据(古腾堡健康研究)。参与者被问及耳鸣的存在以及他们受到耳鸣的困扰。此外,道路交通带来的烦恼信息,飞机,铁路,工业,通过验证的问卷收集白天和睡眠的邻里噪音。
结果:耳鸣患病率为27.3%,这些科目中噪音烦恼的主要来源是飞机,邻居,道路交通噪音。总的来说,逻辑回归结果表明,由于不同的噪声源引起的烦恼与耳鸣的普遍风险之间存在一致的正相关,在调整性别后,比值比增加了4%至11%。年龄,和社会经济地位。同样,在普遍存在耳鸣的受试者中,观察到耳鸣困扰的比值比持续增加.例如,睡眠期间邻里噪声烦恼与耳鸣困扰增加26%相关(OR1.26,95%CI1.13;1.39).
结论:这是在一个大的普通人群中调查噪声烦恼与耳鸣和痛苦之间的关联的第一项研究。我们的结果表明,各种噪声烦恼源与耳鸣之间存在一致的正相关关系。这些前所未有的发现非常相关,因为噪音烦恼和耳鸣很普遍。耳鸣的确切病因和部位仍然未知,但是过度的噪声暴露被认为是主要原因之一。这项研究表明,交通和邻里噪声水平仅被认为会引起烦恼和非听觉健康影响,可能足以引起或加剧耳鸣。
BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology of tinnitus is not yet fully understood. Although there is a large amount of evidence associating traffic noise exposure with non-auditory health outcomes, there is no evidence regarding the impact of noise annoyance on auditory disorders such as tinnitus.
OBJECTIVE: Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between noise annoyance due to different sources and tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.
METHODS: Data of 6813 participants from a large German population-based cohort were used (Gutenberg Health Study). Participants were asked about the presence of tinnitus and how much they were bothered by it. In addition, information on annoyance from road traffic, aircraft, railways, industrial, and neighborhood noise during the day and sleep was collected through validated questionnaires.
RESULTS: The prevalence of tinnitus was 27.3%, and the predominant sources of noise annoyance in these subjects were aircraft, neighborhood, and road traffic noise. Overall, logistic regression results demonstrated consistent positive associations between annoyance due to different noise sources and prevalent risk of tinnitus with increases in odds ratios ranging from 4 to 11% after adjustment for sex, age, and socioeconomic status. Likewise, consistent increases in odds ratios were observed for tinnitus distress in subjects with prevalent tinnitus. For instance, neighborhood noise annoyance during the sleep was associated with a 26% increase in tinnitus distress (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13; 1.39).
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study investigating the association between noise annoyance and tinnitus presence and distress in a large cohort of the general population. Our results indicate consistent and positive associations between various sources of noise annoyance and tinnitus. These unprecedented findings are highly relevant as noise annoyance and tinnitus are widespread. The precise etiology and locus of tinnitus remain unknown, but excessive noise exposure is thought to be among the major causes. This study suggests that transportation and neighborhood noise levels thought merely to contribute to annoyance and non-auditory health effects may be sufficient to cause or exacerbate tinnitus.