生物活性和纳米级细胞外囊泡(EV)以无细胞的方式参与多种细胞生理和病理过程。与细胞不同,电动汽车不仅不会引起急性免疫排斥,但要小得多,并且发生肿瘤发生或栓塞的风险低。由于其独特的优势,电动汽车在生殖障碍的诊断和治疗中的应用显示出希望。随着研究范围的扩大,已经制定了电动汽车的工程策略,和电动汽车的工程策略大大提高了其应用潜力,同时规避了自然电动汽车的缺陷,推动电动汽车走向临床应用。在本文中,我们将审查电动汽车的工程战略,以及它们对生殖障碍(包括卵巢早衰(POI),多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS),复发性自然流产(RSA),宫腔粘连(IUA),和子宫内膜异位症(EMS)及其应用前景。该工作为工程电动汽车治疗女性生殖障碍提供了新思路。
Biologically active and nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in a variety of cellular physiological and pathological processes in a cell-free manner. Unlike cells, EVs not only do not cause acute immune rejection, but are much smaller and have a low risk of tumorigenicity or embolization. Because of their unique advantages, EVs show promise in applications in the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders. As research broadens, engineering strategies for EVs have been developed, and engineering strategies for EVs have substantially improved their application potential while circumventing the defects of natural EVs, driving EVs toward clinical applications. In this paper, we will review the engineering strategies of EVs, as well as their regulatory effects and mechanisms on reproductive disorders (including premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), intrauterine adhesion (IUA), and endometriosis (EMS)) and their application prospects. This work provides new ideas for the treatment of female reproductive disorders by engineering EVs.