背景:非洲大陆是五个生物多样性热点地区的所在地,拥有巨大的药用植物群,真菌和海洋生物。从这些天然产物中提取的二萜具有令人信服的细胞毒性活性,值得进一步探索药物市场。特别是在癌症治疗中,全世界的死亡率仍然很高。
目的:为了证明非洲天然产物在全球癌症治疗发展阶段的潜力,并对来自非洲天然来源的癌症细胞毒性二萜活性的现有文献进行深入分析(据我们所知,同类中的第一个);不仅要揭示最有希望的临床开发候选人,而是为了证明保护非洲受到威胁的生态系统的重要性。
方法:使用电子数据库通过PRISMA策略进行了全面搜索,即WebofScience,PubMed,谷歌学者和科学直接。使用的搜索词是“二萜和机制和癌症”和“二萜和临床和癌症”。选择过程涉及评估英语标题,葡萄牙语和西班牙语,遵守预定义的资格标准。纳入的时间范围从2010年到2023年,产生了218篇相关论文。使用ChemDraw21.0可视化化学结构,使用PubChem搜索CID编号。
结果:尽管是世界上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一,与亚洲国家或其他国家相比,非洲天然产品的报告比例偏低。穿心莲内酯(穿心莲),福斯柯林(Coleusforskohlii),来自Isodonspp的ent-kauranes。,EuphosorophaneA(大品红),cafestol&kahweol(Coffeaspp.),巨环jolkinolD衍生物(一品红)和环烷烃A(猴头菌)为进一步的癌症治疗探索和开发提供了最令人鼓舞的数据。
结论:来自非洲天然产物的二萜有可能成为具有经济意义的活性药物和药用成分,特别专注于抗癌疗法。
BACKGROUND: The African continent is home to five biodiversity hotspots, boasting an immense wealth of medicinal flora, fungi and marine life. Diterpenes extracted from such natural products have compelling cytotoxic activities that warrant further exploration for the drug market, particularly in cancer therapy, where mortality rates remain elevated worldwide.
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the potential of African natural products on the global stage for cancer therapy development and provide an in-depth analysis of the current literature on the activity of cancer cytotoxic diterpenes from African natural sources (to our knowledge, the first of its kind); not only to reveal the most promising candidates for clinical development, but to demonstrate the importance of preserving the threatened ecosystems of Africa.
METHODS: A comprehensive search by means of the PRISMA strategy was conducted using electronic databases, namely Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The search terms employed were \'
diterpene & mechanism & cancer\' and \'
diterpene & clinical & cancer\'. The selection process involved assessing titles in English, Portuguese and Spanish, adhering to predefined eligibility criteria. The timeframe for inclusion spanned from 2010 to 2023, resulting in 218 relevant papers. Chemical structures were visualized using ChemDraw 21.0, PubChem was utilized to search for CID numbers.
RESULTS: Despite being one of the richest biodiverse zones in the world, African natural products are proportionally underreported compared to Asian countries or otherwise. The diterpenes andrographolide (Andrographis paniculata), forskolin (Coleus forskohlii), ent-kauranes from Isodon spp., euphosorophane A (Euphorbia sororia), cafestol & kahweol (Coffea spp.), macrocylic jolkinol D derivatives (Euphorbia piscatoria) and cyathane erinacine A (Hericium erinaceus) illustrated the most encouraging data for further cancer therapy exploration and development.
CONCLUSIONS: Diterpenes from African natural products have the potential to be economically significant active pharmaceutical and medicinal ingredients, specifically focussed on anticancer therapeutics.