深深蚀刻的前额折痕表明老化。各种治疗方法,如填充剂注射,脂肪移植,整容手术用于移除它们。然而,缺乏与皮下组织变化相关的解剖结构的知识和浅层肌肉腱膜系统,对适当的治疗没有共识。我们已经研究了涉及前额皱折的皮下结构;这将有助于建立改善治疗的选择标准。获得了五个未固定的成年亚洲尸体的前额部分。从骨膜中取出含有前额皱褶的组织,并使用粗略观察进行检查,射线照相术,组织学,和纳米计算机断层扫描。所有方法都显示皮肤折痕区域的真皮,即从身体表面可见的褶皱,通过脂肪隔片之间的三维纤维结构与额肌结合。该结构在皮肤褶皱附近致密,在其他区域稀疏而薄。特别是,它紧紧地绑在折痕下面的真皮上,胶原纤维穿过表皮。此外,折痕附近的皮肤附件比正常区域少,或者它们完全缺失;表皮较厚,真皮乳头更发达。据认为,真皮-额肌之间的纤维脂肪间隔结构的密度和坚固性以及紧接在折痕下方的表皮和真皮的特定结构是特征性的塑料前额折痕。
Deeply etched forehead
creases indicate aging. Various treatments such as filler injections, fat grafting, and facelift surgery are used to remove them. However, knowledge of the anatomical structures associated with subcutaneous tissue changes and the superficial musculoaponeurotic system is lacking, and there is no consensus about the appropriate treatment. We have investigated the subcutaneous structures involved in forehead
creases; this will help to establish selection criteria for improved treatment. The forehead sections of five unfixed adult Asian cadavers were obtained. Tissues containing forehead
creases were removed from the periosteum and were examined using gross observation, radiography, histology, and nano-computed tomography. All methods revealed that the dermis in the skin crease area, namely the fold visible from the body surface, was bound to the frontalis muscle by a three-dimensional fibrous structure between the fatty septa. This structure was dense near the skin folds and sparse and thin in other areas. In particular, it was tightly bound to the dermis immediately below the crease, with collagen fibers traversing toward the epidermis. In addition, there were fewer skin appendages near the crease than in the normal area, or they were absent altogether; the epidermis was thicker, and the dermal papillae were more developed. It is thought that the density and firmness of the fibrous fatty septal structures between the dermis-frontalis muscle and the specific structures of the epidermis and dermis immediately below the crease account for the characteristic plastic forehead
creases.