为了控制非法野生动植物产品贸易并保护濒临灭绝的动物物种,动物标本的明确识别至关重要。采取了基因方法来确定动物物种进行保护,并防止其在台湾的欺诈性错误识别,特别是对于动物残留物的样本,粉末,和加工产品。基于DNA性质的PCR或巢式PCR用于cytb的扩增,COI,CHD,和D环DNA片段。将这些片段的序列与DNA数据库中注册的序列进行比较,并进行系统发育分析。已建立的方法已应用于法医案例中,以支持保护工作,并且被证明是可靠的。保护动物鉴定,我们的系统已将执法人员查获的各种样本确定为犀牛角,印度锯齿龟,shahtoosh,象牙,海豚,鲸鱼,等。该系统还成功用于调查台湾市场上商业海龟壳的非法贸易以及对产品标签上食品成分的欺诈性错误识别。这篇综述总结了我们实验室的工作,并描述了台湾的经验。
To control illegal wildlife-product trade and protect endangered species of animals, unambiguous identification of the animal specimens is vitally important. Genetic approaches were adopted to identify animal species for conservation and to prevent their fraudulent misidentification in Taiwan, especially for samples of animal residues, powders, and processed products. PCR or nested PCR based on the nature of DNA was used for amplification of cyt b, COI, CHD, and D-loop DNA fragments. Sequences of these fragments were compared with those registered in DNA databases and phylogenetic analysis was performed. The established methods were applied in forensic cases for support of conservation efforts and they were proved to be robust. For conservation animal identification, various samples seized by law enforcement agents have been identified by our systems as rhinoceros horns, Indian sawback turtles, shahtoosh, ivories, dolphins, whales, etc. The systems were also successfully used in investigating the illegal trade of commercial turtle shells and the fraudulent misidentification of food contents on product labels in Taiwanese markets. This review summarizes the work conducted in our laboratory and describes the Taiwan experience.