背景:积极健康(PH)的概念作为衡量个人在面对环境挑战时适应能力的一种方式,已引起越来越多的关注。然而,尚未开发出包含上下文因素的PH的合适测量仪器。本文通过开发与能力方法(CA)保持一致的上下文特定的积极健康(CPH)测量仪器来响应这一需求。
方法:测量仪器是在具有不同社会人口统计学背景的1002名荷兰互联网调查小组成员的代表性样本中开发和测试的。该文书分为两个阶段制定:一个由焦点小组和专家磋商组成的准备阶段,以及荷兰公民代表小组的验证。准备阶段的目标,是对先前提出的“积极健康”问卷进行试点测试,并将其完善为CPHQ的初始版本。验证阶段旨在使用因子分析检查初始CPHQ的因子效度,及其使用多元回归分析的并发有效性。
结果:开发的问卷显示出足够的因子效度和并发效度。此外,它明确包括对弹性的评估,这是PH的关键组成部分。
结论:引入的测量工具,CPHQ,包括11个维度,我们标记如下:松弛,自主性,健身,感知到的环境安全,排除,社会支持,财政资源,政治代表,健康素养,弹性,和享受。在这篇文章中,我们提出四大贡献。首先,我们将测量嵌入到理论框架中。其次,我们将问卷集中在积极健康的一个关键概念上——“适应能力”。第三,我们通过考虑环境因素来解决健康不平等问题。最后,我们促进了更易于理解的测量项目的开发。
BACKGROUND: The concept of Positive Health (PH) has gained increasing attention as a way of measuring individuals\' ability to adapt in the face of contextual challenges. However, a suitable measurement instrument for PH that encompasses contextual factors has not yet been developed. This paper responds to this need by developing a Context-specific Positive Health (CPH) measurement instrument that aligns with the Capability Approach (CA).
METHODS: The measurement instrument was developed and tested among a representative sample of 1002 Dutch internet survey panel members with diverse sociodemographic backgrounds. The instrument was developed in two stages: a preparation phase consisting of focus groups and expert consultations, and a validation among a representative panel of Dutch citizens. The goal of the preparation phase, was to pilot test and refine previously proposed Positive Health questionnaires into an initial version of the CPHQ. The validation phase aimed to examine the initial CPHQ\'s factorial validity using Factor Analysis, and its concurrent validity using Multivariate Regression Analysis.
RESULTS: The developed questionnaire demonstrated adequate factorial and concurrent validity. Furthermore, it explicitly includes an assessment of resilience, this being a key component of PH.
CONCLUSIONS: The introduced measurement tool, the CPHQ, comprises 11 dimensions that we have labeled as follows: relaxation, autonomy, fitness, perceived environmental safety, exclusion, social support, financial resources, political representation, health literacy, resilience, and enjoyment. In this article, we present four major contributions. Firstly, we embedded the measurement in a theoretical framework. Secondly, we focused the questionnaire on a key concept of Positive Health - the \"ability to adapt.\" Thirdly, we addressed issues of health inequality by considering contextual factors. Finally, we facilitated the development of more understandable measurement items.