The suicide is serious public health problem with far-reaching social, emotional and economic consequences. The world trend is significant input of both suicide itself and suicide-like attempts into external causes of mortality, tangible challenge to health life, especially in the youngest population. The WHO estimates that currently more than 700,000 suicides occur worldwide yearly, and each one deeply affect others persons. Russia takes one the first places in the world with its rate of teenage suicides. The suicide of adolescents aged 10-24 years is actual social demographic problem. The process of rapid physical, cognitive and psycho-social growth of this contingent affect feelings, thinking, decision-making and interaction with outside world, causing development of behavioral models corresponding to individual specific of responses to impacting environmental factors. Purpose of the study is, on basis of results of mental health monitoring from analytical materials on population suicidal behavior with emphasis on children and adolescent contingent, to present general conception of suicide as social phenomenon, to make brief historical excursus into becoming and development of problem; to discuss min terminology applied; to present corresponding statistics and to reveal difficulties in obtaining information.

According to official figures, almost 1 billion people suffer from mental disorders worldwide, including adolescents 10-19 years old account for about 13% of the global burden of disease in this age group. The current state of the problem of mental health of children and adolescents, which is formed under the influence of environmental factors and is critical for the personal, social and socio-economic development of a person in subsequent stages of life, is considered. The results of monitoring the mental health of the children\'s population of the Russian Federation, differentiated at the age of 0-14 and 15-17 years, including under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which were the basis for improving the complex of measures for the prevention of mental disorders and disorders of the contingent\'s behavior. The terminology used is analyzed. The purpose of the study is to analyze the leading trends in recent years of the state and dynamics of statistical indicators of mental health of children and adolescents with an emphasis on understanding the basic conceptual apparatus, theoretical aspects of the problem from the standpoint of specialists in the field of public health and healthcare.

The paper continues the \"ontological\" discussion in IBPS, addressing the question of the importance of ontological issues for contemporary development of cultural psychology. The language psychological science speaks is considered as an ontological issue and a most topical one for cultural psychology, aiming at \"constructing a psychology that is universal while being culture-inclusive\" (Valsiner 2009, p.2). Ontological issues could stay implicit and neglected, as long as the \'etant, \"the mode of being\", \"the particularities\" were discussed within the circle of adherents of one and the same school, who implicitly had in mind the same \'entre. However, as soon as the discussion involves representatives of different schools, ontological issues become crucial for mutual understanding and meanings of the words have to be explicated. Same words like \"psyche\", \"subjectivity\", \"social\", \"culture\", etc., - often mean different things when they are pronounces or written by representatives of different theoretical trends. The discussion of the \'etant without clear indicating of the \'entre under consideration is likely to turn into a Babel. Global modernity requires constant efforts and insistent desire for mutual understanding across the diversified global scientific community. Thus, creative collaboration in epistemological developments has to ground on clear comprehension of the ontological stances of the debaters.