■含可可产品的污染,比如黑巧克力,重金属包括铅,美国已经报道了镉和砷。然而,对这种污染的意义进行了正式的探索,学位或范围的多年趋势也没有得到解决。
■从2014年到2022年,购买了72种消费含可可的产品,并分析了铅(Pb)对重金属的污染,镉(Cd),和砷(As)在4个不同的队列中(2014、2016、2019、2022)。用于评估重金属污染的阈值设置为Prop65最大允许剂量水平(MADLs)0.5mcg/天,4.1mcg/天,10mcg/dayforPb,Cd,和作为,分别。
■我们的分析报告说,所测试的产品中有43、35和0%的重金属浓度超过Prop65MADL,分别,Pb,Cd,和作为,而97.2%(72个中的70个)低于美国FDA对铅的IRL限值。测试的每种金属的中值浓度甚至低于保守的Prop65MADLs,表明产品异常值的潜在巨大影响。这表明,重金属污染-超过一半的测试产品-可能不会对普通人造成任何明显的风险,当作为一份食用时;但是,食用一些测试过的产品,或每天一份以上与非可可来源的重金属相结合,加起来可能会超过Prop65MADLs。值得注意的是,“有机”产品更有可能显示出更高的Cd和Pb含量。
UNASSIGNED: Contamination of
cocoa containing products, such as dark chocolate, with heavy metals including lead, cadmium and arsenic has been reported in the US. However, a formal exploration into the significance of this contamination, nor multi-year trends in the degree or scope remain unresolved.
UNASSIGNED: From 2014 to 2022, 72 consumer
cocoa-containing products were purchased and analyzed for heavy metal contamination with lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in 4 distinct cohorts (2014, 2016, 2019, 2022). The thresholds used to assess heavy metal contamination were set to Prop 65 maximum allowable dose levels (MADLs) of 0.5 mcg/day, 4.1 mcg/day, 10 mcg/day for Pb, Cd, and As, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: Our analysis reports that 43, 35, and 0% of the products tested exceed Prop 65 MADLs for heavy metal concentrations, respectively, of Pb, Cd, and As, while 97.2% (70 of 72) fall below US FDA IRL limits established for Pb. Median concentrations of each metal tested were lower than even the conservative Prop 65 MADLs, indicating a potentially large effect of product outliers. This indicates that heavy metal contamination-in more than half of products tested-may not pose any appreciable risk for the average person when consumed as a single serving; however, consuming some of the products tested, or more than one serving per day in combination with non-
cocoa derived sources heavy metals, may add up to exposure that would exceed the Prop 65 MADLs. Notably, \"organic\" products were significantly more likely to demonstrate higher levels of both Cd and Pb.