目的:本研究调查了巴基斯坦护士在医疗紧急情况下的情绪劳动和压力,特别是他们的情绪疲惫和组织和管理支持的可用性,以减轻影响。
背景:由于COVID-19大流行已被宣布为全球爆发,并且许多国家已颁布了医疗紧急情况,这增加了工作需求,并期望一线工人表达所需的情感。如此高的工作需求导致员工之间的各种压力反应。
方法:作者采用了纵向设计,使用实验方法,收集来自巴基斯坦107家政府医院的319名护士的数据。作者使用在线问卷工具在两个时间点对护士进行了调查,间隔为3个月。一次,他们要求护士报告情绪劳动,压力和疲惫。在第二阶段,在不同级别提供支持(在间隔阶段)后,除了工具支持和指导领导之外,作者还重复了相同参与者的相同量表.使用SPSS-Amos对数据进行基本分析,使用SPSS-process宏软件对数据进行稳健性和假设检验。
结果:研究结果表明,工作压力在控制阶段完全介导表面作用与情绪衰竭之间的关系,在干预阶段部分介导。此外,在干预阶段,工具支持缓和和减轻情绪劳动对工作压力的积极影响,和教练领导缓和和减轻工作压力对情绪疲惫的积极影响。
结论:这项研究得出的结论是,医疗保健组织可以通过在组织和管理方面提供不同层面的支持来减轻在紧急情况下由情绪劳动和工作压力引起的情绪疲惫。然而,这些支持的有效性取决于从高到低的水平。
结论:这项研究表明,在医疗紧急情况下,为了处理和支持情绪劳动和工作压力,避免情绪疲惫,组织支持事项。组织层面的支持可以包括工具支持。在管理层,持有教练式的领导风格可以培养管理的外部方面,同时提升内部支持品质的信心和自我意识,提高个人的领导能力;与悖论和不确定性一起工作。
OBJECTIVE: This study examines Pakistan nurses\' emotional labour and stress in health care emergencies, specifically their emotional exhaustion and availability of support of organization and management to alleviate the effects.
BACKGROUND: As COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a global outbreak and many countries have enacted medical emergencies, this has increased job demands and expected desired emotional expressions from frontline workers. Such high levels of job demand contribute to various stress reactions among employees.
METHODS: Authors applied a longitudinal design, using an experimental approach, to collect data from 319 nurses serving in 107 government hospitals in Pakistan. The authors surveyed nurses at two time points with the interval of 3 months by using an online questionnaire tool. At one time, they asked nurses to report on emotional labour, stress and exhaustion. In the second phase, after providing supports (during interval phase) at different levels, the authors repeated the same scales from same participants in addition to instrumental support and coaching leadership. Data were processed using SPSS-Amos for elementary analysis and SPSS-process macro software for robustness and hypotheses testing.
RESULTS: The findings indicate that job stress fully mediates the relationship between surface acting and emotional exhaustion in controlled phase and partially mediates in intervention phase. Furthermore, in intervention phase, instrumental support moderates and alleviates positive effects of emotional labour on job stress, and coaching leadership moderates and lessens positive effects of job stress on emotional exhaustion.
CONCLUSIONS: This research concludes that health care organizations can alleviate emotional exhaustion caused by emotional labour and job stress amid emergencies by providing support at different levels: organizational and managerial. However, the effectiveness of these supports depends on high to low levels.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that to handle and support emotional labour and job stress to avoid emotional exhaustion in health care emergencies, organizational supports matter. Support at organizational level can include instrumental support. At managerial level, holding a coaching leadership style can foster external facets of management while uplifting the internal support qualities of confidence and self-awareness that improve the individuals\' ability to lead; work with paradox and uncertainty.