It is an open question to which degree compassion-noticing, engaging with, and acting to alleviate suffering in self and others-is (considered) advantageous in elite sports. Addressing this question, we herein provide insights into high-performance coaches\' perceptions on the role of compassion in elite sports environments. Specifically, 12 coaches working at the highest level of their respective sport (in Denmark) partook in semi-structured interviews focusing on the utilization, implications, as well as barriers for implementing compassion in elite sports environments. Following a thematic analysis, three themes comprising various subthemes were identified and discussed. The first theme - Benefits of compassion - focuses on coaches\' perception of the use and implications of compassion and comprises four subthemes: Compassion is important when times are tough; Compassion stimulates human connection; Compassion fosters unity in competitive environments; and Compassion promotes performance. The second theme - Increasing compassionate competence - focuses on how a compassionate approach can flourish and comprises three subthemes: Reflection; Awareness and knowledge; and Keeping up with the times. The third theme - Barriers to compassion - focuses on barriers to implementing and enhancing compassion in elite sports environments and comprises four subthemes: Compassion is soft; Power dynamics can stand in the way; Requires prioritization; and Performance outcome orientation. We conclude that while compassion (beyond self-compassion) can be beneficial in elite sports, coaches still perceive barriers for successful implementation, and that research should further investigate the outcomes and consequences of compassion in the elite sport context.

The teaching of emotional intelligence (EI) in pharmacy curriculums is an important part of a pharmacy learners\' professional development and is crucial to improving interactions with health care providers and patients. However, the coaching of students to understand strengths and weaknesses related to their EI scores and how to facilitate these opportunities for personal growth is often the missing link from the teaching process. This commentary explores a college of pharmacy\'s experience with the incorporation of EI into the curriculum, with a focus on coaching students beyond the assessment numbers they receive. This requires placing emphasis on the broad applicability of EI, its personalization, and the actionable potential for growth. Guided reflections and individualized coaching, which differ from general teaching practices in pharmacy curricula today, can be used to promote the application of results as drivers for personal and professional success. Colleges/schools of pharmacy should consider investing resources in not only teaching students about EI but also coaching students as part of their professional journey.

The use of antimicrobials in the pig sector in the Netherlands has been reduced by more than 70% over the last decade. However, there is still a considerable number of pig farms that have not been able to lower their antimicrobial usage (AMU) to a sufficiently low level, comparable to the majority of the other pig farms. Therefore, an intervention study was initiated to lower on-farm antimicrobial use in which 45 pig farms with high AMU were recruited. These farms were coached over a period of 2 years whereby different management interventions were introduced. During the 2-year study period a significant reduction of 13 and 17% in total AMU was seen in weaned piglets and fattening pigs respectively. The introduction of coaching as well as multiple management interventions were (univariably) associated with the decrease in AMU. After mutual adjustment of coaching and individual interventions, the association between coaching and AMU became substantially weaker, indicating that coaching and interventions were interrelated and specific interventions explained the reduction in AMU. In conclusion, a coaching effect was observed in this study, with an effect on AMU through specific interventions. More insights are needed regarding the role and effects of coaching on the influence on the management team comprising the farmer, veterinarian and (feed) advisor, and interventions implemented.

The aim of this study was to explore the types and frequency of decision-making situations of rugby league players during defensive situations and examine whether they were predictive of key performance indicators (KPI). Fifteen elite rugby league matches were coded using notational analysis methods. Specific defensive situations were analysed, including the number of: one-on-one situations with an opposing attacker (1-on-1), two-on-one situations (2-on-1), and combined 1-on-1 and 2-on-1 situations (i.e., total decisions; TDs). There was no relationship between the game outcome and game KPIs for TDs or 1-on-1 decision-making situations. However, successful tackles and missed tackles were predictive of 2-on-1 decision-making situations. Positional differences revealed that back rowers were exposed to the greatest number of decision-making situations, while wingers had the lowest exposure. The total number of decisions and the number of 1-on-1 decisions made by the centres and wingers were significant predictors of line breaks. Additionally, 2-on-1 decisions were significant predictors of line breaks for backrowers. The findings of this study suggest that the type and frequency of decision-making situations in Rugby League are position specific. Practical applications for coaches are discussed to ensure that practice approaches are representative of the various defensive decision-making demands players experience during a game, based on their position.

Research has increasingly focused on the environmental features within talent and performance development settings. However, practitioner perspectives on their role in optimizing these environments are scarce. This study aimed to examine practitioner perspectives of the role of the environment, specifically, how they plan, deliver and review (p-D-R) to optimize environmental conditions for athletes. Ten sports practitioners (including managers, coaches and multidisciplinary support staff) took part in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis and generated themes associated with Planning (Conceptualization, Planning and Meeting Athlete\'s Needs), Delivering (Explicit, Implicit, Support, Communication, Holistic Approach) and Reviewing (KPIs, Evaluation & Monitoring, Rolling Review, Review Process). Findings suggest that to offer the best possible experiences to participants, practitioners must have a clear view of their objectives and involve all stakeholders associated with delivery at the planning stage. Much of the delivery aspect aligned with notions of effective TDEs suggesting practitioners had a clear awareness of what works for them in their contexts. Reviewing the environment appeared to be the activity practitioners undertook the least, this may reflect the complex and dynamic nature of the environment in sports settings.

BACKGROUND: A growing importance has been placed on development of trainee robotic surgical skills through simulation curricula and intraoperative experience. However, few studies have examined how console case type impacts learning outcomes. We sought to evaluate how intraoperative coaching and resident autonomy differ based on the use of a single- versus dual-console robot.
METHODS: Robotic single- and dual-console cases from February to September 2023 at a single institution were included. Faculty and trainees wore microphones to capture audio during the case. Pre/post surveys were administered, which included metrics on faculty coaching based on the Wisconsin Surgical Coaching Rubric (WiSCoR) and on trainee technical performance based on the Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS). Statistical analysis of survey data was performed using SPSS. Audio from cases was coded by 2 researchers with a deductive approach using WiSCoR as a framework.
RESULTS: Data were collected for 7 (38.9%) single and 11 (61.1%) dual-console cases across 9 case types from 4 surgical specialties. Chi-square analysis demonstrated no significant difference in percentage of case trainee spent in the operating surgeon role based on trainee level or console case type. Independent t-tests showed no significant difference in trainee autonomy, trainee performance, or faculty coaching scores based on console case type. Trainees rated faculty highest in WiSCoR Domains 1 (sharing responsibility) and 3 (providing constructive feedback). Qualitative analysis showed that for single-console cases, Domain 4 (goal setting) was most represented (34.0% of comments), while for dual-console cases, Domain 1 was most represented (37.0% of comments).
CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative analysis highlights that despite similar survey-based faculty ratings across domains, coaching on self-reflection (Domain 2) is infrequently done, highlighting an opportunity for improvement in this area of coaching during robotic surgery.

This study explored the impact of choice and preference for what is chosen or assigned on performance on a motor task. Using an experimental design with a dart-throwing task, 90 novice participants were randomized into four groups: Choice-Like condition, Choice-Dislike condition, Assigned-Like condition, and Assigned-Dislike condition, resulting of the manipulation of choice (vs. assignation) of a task-irrelevant element and preference (irrelevant element: darts color and design). The study found that participants who were given the opportunity to choose their own dart for a throwing task performed better than those who were not given the choice. Participants who threw a dart they preferred also had better scores than those who threw a dart they did not like. However, the interactive effects of choice and preference on performance were inconclusive, and whereas being assigned with a disliked element was the worst condition for performance, and being allowed to choose preferred elements the most facilitatory one, nothing else can be concluded on the impact of both conditions alone or in combination. These results suggest that both choice and preference can positively impact performance in closed motor learning tasks and have practical applications for training and execution in athletic performance. Further investigations are warranted to delve into the interplay of choice and preference in diverse contexts and populations.

This study examined reliability and validity of the Fulltrack AI application to identify cricket ball landing position (line, length). Nine hundred and thirty-two deliveries were compared to 3D motion capture, the criterion measure, with 836 included in analysis (516 bowled (pace = 420, spin = 96), 320 SidearmTM; 301 facing a batter). Agreement analysis indicated an intraclass correlation coefficient of >0.96 for raw and filter 3D line and length data, compared to Fulltrack AI. The coefficient of variation was acceptable for length (<10%) and larger for line (23.82%), albeit with a smaller standard error of measurement (SEM = 0.05 m), improving with outliers removed. Bland-Altman plots confirmed good statistical agreement between devices, with limits of agreement largely within maximal allowable difference values. There are potential practical application considerations, given SEM = 0.47 m for length (diameter of seven cricket balls); with greater variability detecting length closer to the batters-end, and line closer to the bowlers-end. Validity, using a generalised additive model, showed no significant differences between devices (p > 0.05), with no condition-based interaction effects. The Fulltrack AI application enables ecologically valid assessment of bowling performance. Considering the trade-off between this and the accuracy of information is warranted when deciding how best to apply it to coaching environments to support augmented feedback.

BACKGROUND: Any cancer diagnosis induces fear and shocking emotional experiences accompanied by anxiety, depression, unpredictability, and distress. The emotional effect of a cancer diagnosis and the rigidity of cancer treatment negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of patients, and this may continue after treatment. Additionally, emotional distress induces neuroendocrine stress activation systems and raises stress hormone secretion by causing immunological dysfunctions. The present narrative review aims to describe nursing coaching approaches that improve QoL perceptions among cancer patients during their hospitalization.
METHODS: This review was carried out using the PRISMA methodology until the end of November 2023 through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. Researchers systematically collected all the currently available literature. The search terms and boolean operators used to combine keywords were: \"QoL\" AND \"hospitalization\" AND \"cancer patients\" AND \"nursing coaching\".
RESULTS: Four manuscripts were selected in the present review. One manuscript belonged to the British Nursing Database and was a mixed-block-randomized study; one belonged to Scopus, which was also in the PubMed, WoS, and Medline and was a study protocol for an RCT and two manuscripts belonged to the PubMed database and were all RCTs.
CONCLUSIONS: Nursing coaching improved QoL perceptions in cancer patients during their hospitalization. Patients were found to prefer in-person interventions to nurse-led ones, which improved QoL perceptions. However, further interventional studies need to be performed in order to better address coaching nursing interventions during the hospitalization of cancer patients.

UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to describe the fixation location and the time of the longer fixation of expert and novice futsal coaches before the ball was in play in futsal set pieces.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 10 experts (ages 48 ± 5) and 10 novice coaches (ages 40 ± 7) participated in the study. They observed that 38 video clips were created to mimic the attack and defensive set-piece moments of the game. Data were collected in a standardized video analysis task using the pupil invisible eye tracker and processed through the pupil cloud platform. The Mann-Whitney test was conducted to evaluate differences in gaze duration between game moments (attack and defense set pieces) and groups (expert vs. novice). Gaze duration was also compared for gaze location between groups. For further comparisons, the game moments (attack and defense set pieces) and the gaze location were summarized in two-dimensional graphics using correspondence analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The results revealed higher values of gaze duration for attack and defense set pieces for the group of experts than for novices. When considering gaze duration, expert coaches had higher values than novices for the attacker 3, defender 3, barrier 1st, and barrier 2nd gaze locations. The correspondence analysis showed different strategies of visual search and, consequently, gaze locations for attack and defense set pieces. In particular, there was different correspondence for free kicks between the level of expertise and gaze location, while corner and sideline kicks revealed some correspondence between the groups and the gaze location. In free kicks, coaches should be particularly concerned about the relationship between attacker and defender three and the barrier 1st and 2nd line positions. In corner and sideline kicks, coaches should be particularly aware of the relationship between attackers\' and defenders\' positions.