本文为临床大脑研究实施定量磁化率图(QSM)提供了建议。这是ISMRM电磁组织特性研究组的共识。在QSM技术持续快速发展的同时,目前的QSM方法已被证明是可重复和可重复的,可用于生成大脑中的定量组织磁化率图。然而,许多可用的QSM方法引起神经影像学界对实施指南的需求.本文介绍了相关注意事项,并对QSM数据采集中的所有步骤提供了具体的实现建议,processing,分析,以及在科学出版物中的介绍。我们建议使用单极3D多回波GRE序列获取数据,阶段图像以DICOM格式保存和导出,并使用精确展开方法展开。多回波图像应在背景去除之前进行组合,以及使用大脑提取工具创建的大脑掩模,并结合了基于相位质量的掩模。背景字段应使用基于SHARP或PDF的技术在大脑掩模中删除,偶极子反演的优化方法应该采用基于稀疏性的正则化。磁化率值应相对于指定的参考进行测量,包括整个大脑的共同参考区域作为分析中的感兴趣区域,和QSM结果应报告-至少-在文章的最后一节中列出的采集和处理规范。这些建议应促进临床QSM研究,并导致数据采集的更加统一,分析,和报告。
This article provides recommendations for implementing quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for clinical brain research. It is a consensus of the ISMRM Electro-Magnetic Tissue Properties Study Group. While QSM technical development continues to advance rapidly, the current QSM methods have been demonstrated to be repeatable and reproducible for generating quantitative tissue magnetic susceptibility maps in the brain. However, the many QSM approaches available give rise to the need in the neuroimaging community for guidelines on implementation. This article describes relevant considerations and provides specific implementation recommendations for all steps in QSM data acquisition, processing, analysis, and presentation in scientific publications. We recommend that data be acquired using a monopolar 3D multi-echo GRE sequence, that phase images be saved and exported in DICOM format and unwrapped using an exact unwrapping approach. Multi-echo images should be combined before background removal, and a brain mask created using a brain extraction tool with the incorporation of phase-quality-based masking. Background fields should be removed within the brain mask using a technique based on SHARP or PDF, and the optimization approach to dipole inversion should be employed with a sparsity-based regularization. Susceptibility values should be measured relative to a specified reference, including the common reference region of whole brain as a region of interest in the analysis, and QSM results should be reported with - as a minimum - the acquisition and processing specifications listed in the last section of the article. These recommendations should facilitate clinical QSM research and lead to increased harmonization in data acquisition, analysis, and reporting.